Volume 11, Issue 3 (Autumn 2024)
johe 2024, 11(3): 222-234 |
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Ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.024
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afshari S, Mohammad Fam I, Kalatpour O. Determination of Safety Integrity level using HAZOP Study and Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) in Emergency Shutdown Systems (A Case Study in CPF). johe 2024; 11 (3) :222-234
URL: http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-957-en.html
URL: http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-957-en.html
1- Department of Ergonomics, Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, Univercity of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran , sajad.afshari111@gmail.com
2- Department of Ergonomics, Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, Univercity of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Ergonomics, Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, Univercity of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (2379 Views)
Background and Objective: Considering the high severity of accidents in process industries, determining the safety integrity level (SIL) is a necessity for adequacy and resistance of the used protective layers. The present study aimed to assess the SIL of emergency shutdown systems (ESD) in the oil lines of a field.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the HAZOP method was used to identify dangerous scenarios, and layer of protection analysis (LOPA) was employed to determine SIL in ESD. Dangerous scenarios identified using the HAZOP method were extracted and entered into the LOPA worksheet (PHA Pro8). In the LOPA method, the frequency of the initiating event, independent protective layers, and the tolerable level of risk were determined, and SIL was determined accordingly.
Results: The results demonstrated that the main dangers of the desalting unit are related to pressure increase, increase and decrease in surface area, leakage of hydrocarbon materials, dangers of H2S gas, ignition, and explosion. Independent protection layers in the oil line are adequate and, if needed, can significantly reduce the risk. The most important cause of fires and explosions in oil rows has been the reduction of the hydrocarbon liquid level in the desalter tank.
Conclusion: The current research pointed out that the significant and fundamental difference between construction and design phases requires a review of the safety systems. Among these changes, we can refer to a change in the SIL of ESD.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the HAZOP method was used to identify dangerous scenarios, and layer of protection analysis (LOPA) was employed to determine SIL in ESD. Dangerous scenarios identified using the HAZOP method were extracted and entered into the LOPA worksheet (PHA Pro8). In the LOPA method, the frequency of the initiating event, independent protective layers, and the tolerable level of risk were determined, and SIL was determined accordingly.
Results: The results demonstrated that the main dangers of the desalting unit are related to pressure increase, increase and decrease in surface area, leakage of hydrocarbon materials, dangers of H2S gas, ignition, and explosion. Independent protection layers in the oil line are adequate and, if needed, can significantly reduce the risk. The most important cause of fires and explosions in oil rows has been the reduction of the hydrocarbon liquid level in the desalter tank.
Conclusion: The current research pointed out that the significant and fundamental difference between construction and design phases requires a review of the safety systems. Among these changes, we can refer to a change in the SIL of ESD.
Type of Study: Research Article |
Subject:
Safety
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