1 2383-336x Hamedan University of Medical Sciences 837 Physical agents Effect of Traffic Noise on Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase Concentration while Driving Alimohammadi Iraj b Poragha Hamidreza c Abolghasemi Jamileh d Amirarsalan Khan Asoudeh e Naserpour Mahsa f b Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Occupational Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran c Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Occupational Science Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran d Department of Statistics, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran e Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran f Faculty of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 214 221 24 08 2022 19 12 2022 Background and Objective: Individuals constantly hear different sounds that can affect their work and living place. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of traffic noise on cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The subjects were men aged 18 to 35 who performed driving activities for one hour in the laboratory. The tests were performed in two conditions of background noise (35 dBA) and traffic noise with a level of 75 dBA and saliva samples were collected from the subjects before and after driving. Finally, saliva samples were analyzed with cortisol and alpha-amylase kits and by ELISA method. The statistical method used for data analysis was SPSS software (version 24) and data analysis was performed by Wilcoxon statistical test. Results: The results of this study indicated that the concentrations of both biomarkers cortisol and alpha-amylase in background noise conditions after driving were higher than that before the start, although this increase was not significant (p> 0.05). In the presence of traffic noise with a level of 75 dBA, the concentration of both biomarkers after driving was significantly higher than that before driving. (p<0.05) Conclusion: This study demonstrated that exposure to traffic noise can increase the concentration of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol biomarkers while driving.
768 Ergonomics Investigation of the Impact of Ergonomic Training Programs on the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders of Adminis-trative and Support Staff at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran Ebrahimi Hossein g g Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 222 229 28 09 2021 17 10 2022 Background and Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the cumulative injuries that result from working in dangerous conditions and poor postures over several years. One of the major problems for computer users is musculoskeletal disorders. The present study investigated the effect of teaching ergonomics to computer users on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on the administrative staff of Imam Reza (AS) hospital in Mashhad, Iran. In this study, 77 administrative and support staff were selected using the simple random sampling method. After the initial assessment of their physical condition during work, an ergonomic educational intervention program was given to the users to reduce their musculoskeletal injury factors during a three-month period. Their physical condition was assessed before and after the training using the rapid office strain assessment method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20). Results: The mean age of participants was 36.4±6.62 years old and their mean work experience was 13/8%±6.12 years. The prevalence of discomfort and pain was mainly reported in the lumbar region (57.2%) and neck (43.8%). Moreover, the highest frequency of rapid office strain assessment method score was 5 before training (42.3%), which reached 9.6% after the intervention and training of staff. The scores of 6, 3, 4, and 2 were 18.3%, 15.7%, 14.6%, and 7.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed the importance of teaching the principles of ergonomics for using computer systems in reducing musculoskeletal disorders. Moreover, it was found that the level of musculoskeletal disorders in this group of occupations can be minimized with proper training.   771 Safety Design a Windows-based Framework for Developing an HSE-Plan: A Case Study of Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company Mohammadfam Iraj h Mirzaei Aliabadi Mostafa i Aala Yasaman j h Department of Health, Safety and Environment Management, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran i Department of Health, Safety and Environment Management, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran j Department of Health, Safety and Environment Management, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 230 241 29 09 2021 22 11 2021 Background and Objective: Today, contractors are required to submit an HSE Plan before starting a project, and HSE officials in organizations must be able to develop an HSE Plan. Due to the lack of a specific format for the development of the HSE Plan, to avoid personal preferences, save time and money, and include the necessary parts, the present study aimed to provide a consistent model for users to develop a specific HSE-Plan using suitable software. Materials and Methods: First, the main framework of HSE-Plan was determined by searching various databases and including expert opinions. In the next step, the idea generation and design of the portal were done. Afterward, the required basic information was entered into the program and different parts of the program were designed according to the requirements of each section. Finally, the software was validated by testing it in a provincial power distribution company. Results: According to the input options, as well as the subject of the project and its specific requirements, the outputs were designed to suit different projects, and after entering the required information for each section, the output HSE-Plan was displayed. Conclusion: This software helps the user to define appropriate goals and policies for the organization and identify the relevant requirements by entering information such as risk assessment data and the results of occupational accidents, and finally the collection of these materials creates the plan required by users. 788 Safety Study of Resilience Safety Culture in an Iranian Airport in 2021 Azari Elahe k Hannani Mitra l Khaje Vandi Ali Asghar m Moosavi Seyed Gholam Abbass n Samiee Alireza o k Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran l Social Factors Affecting Health Research Unit, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran m Faculty of Health, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran n Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran o Airport Security Unit, Kashan, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 242 250 20 12 2021 22 02 2022 Background and Objective: The aviation industry, despite considerable advances in technology and Safety, is still witnessing unfortunate accidents, 80% of which are caused by human factors. The present study aimed to investigate resilience safety culture in order to improve the level of safety culture and resilience and reduce accidents in one of Iranian's airports. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, resilient safety culture indices were weighed and ranked by the expert panel, including safety experts and airport operators, using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Expert Choice software (version 11). Moreover, the resilient safety culture questionnaire based on the above-mentioned indices was completed by the airport staff and the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16.0). Results: According to the experts' opinions, management commitment (with a normal weight of 1.0), competence (0.79), and awareness (0.69) had the most importance and just culture (0.45), flexibility (0.39, and management of change (0.35) had the least importance. According to the airport staff's opinions, competency (4.12), just culture (3.87), and readiness (3.84) obtained the highest score, while employee participation (3.61), flexibility (3.48), and awareness (3.29) had the lowest score. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the competency factor, which was highly rated by both staff and experts, can be effective in improving airport resilience. Improving the level of awareness among employees, which in their opinion is the least important, is one of the most important factors affecting resilience safety. 808 Safety The Burden of Occupational Accidents using the DALY Index in Kashan, Iran Motalebi Kashani Masoud p Kheirkhah Faride Akbari Hossein Mehdian Mehrdad Sadaf Marzie Elahi Javad Khajevandi Ali Asghar Karamali Fahimeh p Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Department of Health Safety and Environmental Management, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Vice-Chancellor for Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Kashan Labor and Social Welfare Cooperative Office, Kashan, Iran Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Department of Health Safety and Environmental Management, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 251 258 09 02 2022 05 04 2022 Background and Objective: According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), occupational accidents cause the greatest human hardship and economic compensation. The economic costs of accidents are not only borne by the victims but also by the relevant companies and the government. This study aimed to estimate the burden of occupational accidents in Kashan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the working population of Kashan, Iran. In order to collect data, all information related to occupational accidents registered in the Department of Labor, Cooperation, and Social Affairs of Kashan was used. The burden of occupational accidents was assessed using the method by the World Health Organization. Moreover, Excel software was utilized to estimate the number of years lost due to early death and disability, and the overall years of life lost regarding social values. Results: The results showed that 407 accidents occurred during the study period. Furthermore, the total number of DALY (Disability Adjusted Life Years) cases in the present study was 523.138 years, out of which 308 (58%) years are related to YLL (Years of Life Lost) and the remaining 138/218 years are related to YLD (Years Lived with Disability). Conclusion: Given the high number of years of life lost due to disability caused by occupational accidents, this study highlights the importance of providing occupational health services in industries to protect human resources against occupational accidents. 821 Ergonomics Relationship between Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Related Factors among Health Center Employees Karimi Zahra Haghshenas Leila Asghari Mehdi Teimori Gholamheidar Abedinloo Rezvan Applied Health Sciences, Brock University,Ontario, Canada Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Public Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Faculty of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,Hamadan, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 259 266 26 05 2022 05 07 2022 Background and Objective: Job satisfaction and occupational stress are two factors affecting employees’ productivity at the workplace in developed organizations. Occupational stress causes various prevalent physical and psychological effects, which in turn leads to poor job satisfaction. Despite many studies in this field on health groups, less attention has been paid to health workers. Further research is thus needed to explore and explain how job stress and job satisfaction are related to personal work and organizational factors among health center workers. Materials and Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was performed from winter 2018 to spring 2019 among health workers of a city in Markazi province, Iran. Data collection tools were demographic and individual characteristics questionnaire, Job Description Index (JDI) questionnaire, and Occupational Stress Questionnaire (OSQ, Davies). Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 20). Results: The results showed that occupational stress is generally higher in women (119/848) than in men (108/122), and women’s job satisfaction (242/450) is lower than that of men (262/682). In addition, there was a negative and significant relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction (r=0.001, P=0.783) at the significance of level P<0.05. Multivariate regression findings also revealed that occupational stress can predict job satisfaction (β=-0.783, P=0.001). Moreover, the highest occupational stress and the lowest job satisfaction were related to healthcare workers. Conclusion: In general, stress and job satisfaction were obtained at a moderate level in this study, and there was a negative relationship between the two variables. Given that dissatisfaction is mainly seen in the discussion of promotions, salaries, and benefits, it is necessary to take measures to reduce stress, improve economic conditions, and create fair promotion conditions. 818 Safety Assessment and Management of Health and Safety Risks in the Transportation of Hazardous Materials Using TRRI and Modeling with PHAST and Pathfinder in Tehran (Case Study: Gasoline Transportation) Mohammadfam Iraj Ghahremani Namin Saeed Mahmoudi Shahram Rostami Meisam Borgheipour Hasti Department of Ergonomics, Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of HSE, MAPNA Company, Tehran, Iran Department of HSEE, MAHAN Sirjan Company, Sirjan, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 267 276 16 04 2022 09 05 2022 Background and Objective: The transportation of dangerous materials can lead to catastrophic accidents in metropolises. Assessment of the risk of transporting such materials and determination of the consequences can prevent possible accidents and consequences. Materials and Methods: In this regard, the TRRI method was used to estimate the quantitative risk index. Assessment and analysis of determinantal damages resulting from accidents of sudden discharge of such hazardous materials were performed by PHAST software. Furthermore, Pathfinder software was used to simulate individual reactions, and manage conditions and their distance from the accident zone. Results: Assessing the risk of transportation of jet fuel was estimated to be 144 using the TRRI method. Analysis of the consequences indicated that the sudden discharge of fuel in the first six months of the year, the consequence of the explosion of a jet fuel tanker up to a radius of 120 meters cause irreparable damage to the surrounding buildings. The findings of this simulation showed that the pool fire scenario of the people who are exposed to 12.5 kW/m2 radiation in the first and second half of the year in the sudden discharge scenario prevents the person from first or second-degree burns. Conclusion: Considering the significant road transport of hazardous materials and the high severity of the consequences of possible accidents in the intracity transportation of jet fuel, designing a time of safe transportation of materials along with determining safer routes can reduce the risk of such incidents.   816 Ergonomics Investigating the Relationship between Work-related Quality of Life and Workload among Intensive care Unit Nurses in Tehran Hospitals Abbasi Milad Safarpour Khotbesara Negar Shokraneh Kivaj Narges Biabani Azam Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Student Research Committee, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Student Research Committee, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran 1 2 2023 9 4 277 286 25 03 2022 02 10 2022 Background and Objective: Considering the importance of quality of work life among nurses working in the intensive care unit, it is important to identify the components that affect this index. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between workload and work-related quality of life among nurses working in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study, 384 nurses working in the intensive care unit were studied in 2021. The NASA task load index (NASA TLX) was used to determine workload, and the work-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (WRQoL) was used to determine the quality of their working life. The obtained data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed. Results: The results demonstrated that the most effective factor in increasing workload is a physical need, and the most important dimension affecting the quality of work life is job satisfaction. The correlation between quantitative demographic parameters with workload and quality of life indicators also pointed to the significant correlation of the mentioned indicators with age, work experience, and the number of shifts per month. Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, there was an inverse relationship between workload and WRQoL. It is necessary for hospital managers to be aware of the existing conditions and reduce the factors affecting workload to increase the WRQoL of nurses.