@article{ author = {FeizArefi, Maryam and GhorbaniShahna, Farshid and Karamimosafer, Azam}, title = {Qualitative Evaluation of Chemical hoods Performance of Laboratories of the University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: The scientific and research laboratories at universities of medical sciences use a variety of chemical and biological materials. Various people, including the laboratory staff, students, and faculty members, are exposed to these materials, and various respiratory and dermatological symptoms may occur in these people. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use and control of such chemicals in the laboratories of medical university. Methods: In this study, we investigated 43 chemical hoods in laboratories at universities of medical sciences. The technical specifications of the hoods and their compliance with the standards were investigated. The amount of hood suction was measured by using Flow visualization and the face velocity of the hoods using a thermal anemometer. The results were analyzed by SPSS software, version 19. Results: 51.2 percentage of the hoods in terms of hardware and 44.2 percentage in terms of  locations had inappropriate conditions. Maximum of face velocity was 96.16 ft/min. The results showed that 50.2% of the hoods had visible leakage. The mean face velocities were not suitable in any of the hoods when they were fully open or 50% open. These velocities were appropriate only when the hoods were 25% open. Conclusion: Most hoods had inappropriate conditions, and their face velocities were low, mainly due to inadequate fans. Further investigation and correction of technical problems are needed. Also, the performance of the hoods should be evaluated annually.    }, Keywords = {Hood, Quality Assessment, Laboratory}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.1}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-362-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-362-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {shojaeefarahabady, hosein and asilianmahabady, hasan and Khavanin, ali and abbaszadeh, mehdi}, title = {The impact of chemical and thermal refining on adsorption capacity of Iranian natural diatomite}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the factors that affects the rate of adsorption and removal of pollutants is the level of bed surface. Today, the use of active carbon substrates, synthetic zeolite such as Y and ZSM-5, are of great efficiency due to their high surface. In this research, diatomite modification was carried out using chemical and thermal processes to increase the bed surface and also the amount of adsorption capacity. Methods: After washing with distilled water the crude sample of diatomite was purified with 1 M solution of hydrochloric acid in two stages of 6 hours under the temperature of 70 degrees and finally it was calcinated at the temperature of 750 degrees for 4 hours. Eventually, its characteristics’ such as Specific surface area, the pure distribution, sorption – desorption isotherms and its adsorption capacity was studied. Results: Acid refinication increases the specific surface area 2.2 times compared to an example of which only washed with deionized water. Furthermore, the rate of SiO2  reached 88 %. By calcinating the sample, the specific surface decreased 16.4 % and crystalline structure Increased. The results of XRF and XRD indicated that most of diatomite combination was respectively cristobalite, quartz and feldspar. And also the amount of adsorption capacity at Break point and saturation after modification was respectively 131% and 97% increased. Conclusion: results indicated that with the modification of diatomite, and its calcinating at the temperature of 750 degrees, surface area and adsorption capacity increased, but did not increase significantly compared to the existing substrates such as active carbon and synthetic zeolite types and its Requires to more study.}, Keywords = {Diatomite, hydrochloric acid, heat treatment, specific surface, adsorption}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.8}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ansari, Samira and Bashiripoor, Afsane and Varmazyar, Sakineh and Alizade, Ebrahim}, title = {Structural Equation Modeling of the Job Stress Effect on Job Satisfaction in the Military Personnel}, abstract ={Introduction: Job stress and satisfaction and factors affecting on them are from important social issues and since the unexpected risks that cause job stress in military personnel is more than other activities, so the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and satisfaction in military personnel with structural equation modeling. Methods: In this analytical and cross-sectional study, 55 military personnel were recruited randomly. Data were collected using two questionnaires HSE job stress and police job satisfaction. Data after importing to software Spss20 were entered to software LISREL version 8.8 to modeling. Results: In this study, the highest percentage of stress (65.5%) was observed in low-level and the highest percentage of satisfaction (89.1%) was in satisfied level. Age, marriage, educational level and job type were reported from the factors that effect on job stress and satisfaction. Also, based on model, job stress can predict 47% of job satisfaction in military personnel. Conclusion: support of officials, proper relation between competitors and clearly the responsibility of staff have an important role in reducing job stress and also job promotion, empowerment, participation of employees, facilities and services, appreciation and salary and benefits are including the most important factors in satisfaction of the military personnel. }, Keywords = {Equation Modeling, Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, Military Personnel. }, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {16-24}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.16}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-370-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-370-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Darvishi, Ebrahim and Mahdavi, Neda and Giahi, Omi}, title = {Comparative Evaluation of Manual Material Handling Using of Snook Tables and NIOSH equation Methods in Stone cutting workshops}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Activities and tasks of Manual Material Handling (includes lifting, carrying, lowering, pulling and pushing) are very common in work environments. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and comparative evaluation of Manual Material Handling using of Snook Tables and NIOSH equation Methods in Stone cutting workshops. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 workers in stone cutting workshops in 2017. Snook Tables and NIOSH Equation methods and general Nordic questionnaire were used for the assessment of Manual Material Handling duties and the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders, respectively. Finally, these two methods were compared in terms of agreement on risk assessment. Results: The results showed that the 48% of the workers had experienced pain at least once during the past year with highest frequency in the low back (48%), elbows (44%) and shoulders (36%). Loads of weight were more than the recommended weight limit (RWL) obtained from the NIOSH equation and the tables were Snook. The evaluation results of both methods showed that the risk level was high in the different workshops. Comparison of two methods showed that the accuracy of two methods for risk assessment are quite different. Conclusion: The results showed that prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders is high among workers and ergonomic measures is necessary to improve working conditions. It seems that NIOSH Equation has higher accuracy and stricter than Snook Tables in the risk and RWL estimation.  }, Keywords = {Ergonomic Assessment, Manual Material Handling, Snook Tables, NIOSH Equation}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.25}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-366-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-366-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Hamidi, Yadollah and Bashirian, Saeed and Babamiri, Mohammad and Norouzi, Benyamin and Roshanaei, Ghodratollah}, title = {Stress and its relationship with burnout of health workers}, abstract ={Introduction: Although occupational stress is a common symptom in all occupations, it is more important for health workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and job burnout among employees of the health network. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical and correlation study. The statistical population of this study was all health care workers in the city of Asadabad, with a sample size of 214 people, in the year 1394-95. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires: Osipow occupational stress and Maslach job burnout, by stratified sampling method. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis and SPSS 20 software. Results: The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between job stress and job burnout (r = 0.579 , p- Value= 0.0001). However, the relationship between job stress, job burnout and the underlying variables of the subjects, including age, sex, work experience and education level, are not significant in single-variable analyzes. Th result of linear regression also indicate that the relationship between job stress and burnout is not significant with any of the underlying variables. The result of linear regression show that there is a boundary relationship between age and burnout. Conclusion: Considering the results, it seems that the application of strategies for decreasing occupational stress and reducing burnout will improve the quality of service delivery to clients and provide welfare and promotion of the level of life for staff of health care networks.}, Keywords = {Job Stress, Job Burnout, Health Care Network Staff}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-43}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.35}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-384-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-384-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Karimi, Safoura and MirzaieAliabadi, Mostafa and Eskandari, Tahereh and RostamiAghdamShendi, Maryam and Kolahdouzi, Malihe and YazdaniAval, Mohsen and Mohammadfam, Iraj}, title = {evaluation of human error in mining operations using the ATHEANA technique}, abstract ={Background: However, the increasing advances in technology have greatly reduced the physical presence of manpower in the workplace, but in many work environments, man is still the most important and, at the same time, the most critical element. A slightest human error due to unsafe actions in most of occupational environments, can lead to a disaster. Material and method: The current qualitative case study was conducted to identify and evaluate human error in the entire mine's related tasks in 2016. In the first section of this study all the tasks were studied using HTA and then related possible errors were assessed using ATHEANA method. Results: HTA technique proved that mining operations were composed of 9 main tasks and the explosion being analyzed as the main scenario.According to ATHEANA technique the possibility of human error for each of basic event was calculated as 0.001.Due to the fact that there were 13 base events and the occurrence probability of each of them was estimated at 0.001, finally the total possibility of human error in mining operations was calculated to be 0.013. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the explosion in a mine has five sub-tasks that spark of cigarette wrappers, hand grasping and the inappropriateness of size and material, respectively, with the probability of defect of 0.004 and 0.003 were most probable errors. Therefore, it is recommended that managers and authorities take the necessary measures in order to protect the health of them and reduce the risk of human error and environmental conditions.}, Keywords = {Human error, mining, ATHEANA}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {44-52}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.44}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-371-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-371-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {choubdar, mohadese and nikpey, ahmad and Dastamouz, Ali and Rahmani, Mohamm}, title = {Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality in Different Hospital Wards by Bioaerosol Sampling and Particle Counting in 2016}, abstract ={Introduction Hundreds of millions of patients are affected by nosocomial infections worldwide each year, leading to significant mortality and financial losses for health systems. Maintenance of adequate indoor air quality Air (IAQ) at hospitals is critical to the prevention of these infections. Evaluation of IAQ can be performed by bioaerosol sampling and particle counting. The current study aimed to quantitative evaluation of bioaerosol concentration and particle counting in various wards rooms at a hospital in Qazvin province. Methods In This descriptive-analytic study, 7 wards’s air of the hospital were studied. Air samples were taken according to the NIOSH standard instructions and Anderson procedure at flow rate of 28.3 L/min per 10 minutes on TSA, and sabarose dextrose agar media. The samples were incubated then counted and determined in term of CFU/m3. The particulate matters were measured using China Way CW-HPC200(A). Results The lowest mean of fungal and total concentration was observed in pathology and laboratory and the highest concentration was detected in ICU and CCU ward. The mean of the PM2.5 and PM0.3 was 189 n/m3 and 100499 n/m3. Spearman test just showed significant correlation between the total microbial concentration and PM0.3 (P=0.003). Conclusion Our results showed that bioaerosol concentrations in hospitals were higher than outdoor, might be related to the presence of patients, their activity, unsuitable ventilation and disinfection. Therefore continuous monitoring, promotion of hygienic disinfection standards and ventilation systems are needed to improve the IAQ especially in the hospital wards.}, Keywords = {Indoor Air Quality, Bioaerosol, Hospital, Particulate Matter}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {53-60}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.53}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-357-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-357-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {mombeini, moslem and habibi, ehsanoallah and Yadegarfar, Ghasem and Ordudari, Zahra and Noorouzi, Hadis and Koolivand, Zahr}, title = {The investigation of association between the maximum aerobic capacity (VO2MAX) with general health (GH), fatigue and satisfaction of job in female employees in isfahan hospitals}, abstract ={Background:  The highest aerobic capacity (VO2max) is one of the criteria that can be used to create a balance between work and worker. To maintain the health and physical capacity of individuals, as well as to increase production and profitability, physical work capacity (PWC) can be used to put individuals in jobs proportional to their capacities. Materials:  This cross-sectional study was performed on 120 women working in hospitals aged 21-49 years old. Individuals were evaluated by a single-stage Ebbeling test. A questionnaire about general health, job fatigue and job satisfaction was used, along with a treadmill. Data were analyzed by SPSS V22 software using the Pearson correlation and t-test. Results: According to the results, the highest aerobic capacity, physical working capacity and general health were 38.89 ± 1.85 ml.kg-1.min-1، 4.10 ± 0.47 Kcal/min and 25.43 ± 12.09 respectively, and mean and standard deviation of fatigue and job satisfaction scores were 85.87 ± 32.35  and  57.48 ± 13.01 respectively. In this study, there was a significant relationship between VO2max and age, weight, body mass index (BMI), fatigue and job satisfaction. Conclusion: According to the results, since fatigue and job satisfaction are related to workers' VO2max, it is recommended that, in addition to considering the aspects of physical fitness in the workplace, special attention should be paid to mental aspects, since they affect the physical and, consequently, the productivity of workers.}, Keywords = {Maximum aerobic capacity, Physical work capacity, female employees in hospital, General health}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {61-69}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe-5.1.61}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {oliaei, mohammad and Golmohammadi, Rostam and Aliabadi, Mohsen and Shahidi, Reza and Orvatimovafagh, Mostaf}, title = {Comparison of Static Wave Ratio and transfer Function Method in Determining the Sound Absorption Coefficient of Materials}, abstract ={Introduction: Sound absorption coefficient determination is one of the most important factors among material selection for indoor noise control. The objectives of this study were: 1) comparison sound absorption coefficient of different materials by standing wave ratio and transfer function methods, and 2) developing a regression model in adjusting provided results. Methods: In this study, 46 acoustic materials were selected and tested. In order to measure the absorption coefficient of materials two instrument called the impedance tube model 9410 made in the Iranian company AvaSina, and the impedance tube BSWA model SW 260 in 125 to 2000 Hz frequency range were utilized. Results: The results obtained from the regression model shown that frequency of 500 Hz has the highest correlation (R=0.968, R2=0.936), and the lowest correlation coefficient was founded at 125 Hz (R=0.368, R2=0.136). Also, the value 0.829 was obtained for correlation coefficient of NRC. Conclusions: The results showed that there were good agreement at 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz frequencies between two methods. It can be concluded that the standing wave ratio method is a reliable approach in determining sound absorption coefficient of acoustic materials.}, Keywords = {sound absorption coefficient, Acoustic materials, Impedance tube, Static wave ratio, Transfer function}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.1}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-361-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-361-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shirali, Gholam Abbas and Mosavianasl, Zeinab and Jahani, Fereshteh and Siahiahangar, Atefeh and Etemad, Salahadi}, title = {Modeling the Effect of Ammonia Leakage from Ammonia Reservoirs Using ALOHA Software and Developing an Emergency Response Program in One of Process Industries}, abstract ={Introduction: The most important goal of modeling is to acquire knowledge about the real system's behavior. Toxic leakage in process and chemical industries is likely to be one of the main causes of working people and residents around these industries. Method: In this study, the ammonia liquid release from storage reservoir in one of the southern refineries was investigated and analyzed using of ALOHA software. This research was modeled on three scenarios: 1. modeling the formation of toxic vapor clouds 2. Modeling the flammable environment 3. Modeling the toxic explosive atmosphere. Results: Based on the results of this modeling, the concentration of ammonia is 1100, 5 km around the reservoir (red range). The area around the reservoir (orange range) is about 160 miles (about 10 km) from the area. In the event of full leakage of ammonia from the reservoir up to 500 m, the ammonia concentration is about 90000, which is about 60% of the minimum flammable concentration of ammonia gas and up to about 1.7 km of the ammonia concentration tank of 15000, which is about 10% of the minimum flammable gas concentration Ammonia. In the event of a supersonic explosion, the explosive wave pressure is approximately 700 meters from the reservoir equivalent to Psi 8, which can cause serious damage to the buildings. Conclusion: According to the results of modeling, ammonia toxicity is the most important threat to personnel. Therefore, inspections in accordance with the company's proposal on ammonia repositories and emergency response plans will have an effective role in limiting the harmful effects of toxic and dangerous emissions.}, Keywords = {modeling, risk assessment, ammonia, petrochemical, ALOHA}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {12-19}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.12}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-378-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-378-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Mohammadfam, Iraj and Abdolahi, Farshad and Karimi, Safour}, title = {Assessment and Risk Management in the Laboratories of the School of Public Health, a Medical University Using the ACHiL Technique}, abstract ={Introduction: Despite continuous efforts to reduce risk in different systems, accidents are occurring. The safety of laboratories is important because a variety of chemicals and electrical equipment are normally used, high numbers of students, professors, and staff visit it daily, and there are expensive equipment in such places. For this reason, it is necessary to identify, assess and control the hazards in laboratories by appropriate methods. Method: In this study, the ACHiL method was used. The ACHiL approach is based on a structure in which 28 risks are classified and each of them has its own allowable limits which is categorized in three levels. Results: The results of this study showed that chemical agents were the most important risk factor in the studied laboratories. Environmental agents were the second most influential factor in occurrence of accidents. Biological agents and physical agents had the least role in the occurrence of accidents in the studied laboratories. Moreover, the level of hazard and their location were determined according to the severity of each one. Conclusion: The ACHiL structure is a simple yet highly efficient and effective tool for occupational health and safety professionals to get a full and deep view of the hazards present in the lab and manipulated samples. The method can be used for selecting appropriate safety measures.}, Keywords = {Safety, Hazard, Risk, Laboratory, ACHiL }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-27}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.20}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Borgheipour, Hasti and MonazamiTehrani, Ghazaleh and Eskandari, Davoud and RanjbarGolmohammadi, Mohammad and Mohammadfam, Iraj}, title = {Assessment of Human Error Probability in Emergency Evacuation Using HEPI Method in Offshore Industry}, abstract ={Introduction: Offshore emergency operations are one of the most potentially hazardous incidents. Considering the major role of human factors in this operation, human error assessment is necessary in this section. In this research, the human error levels in emergency evacuation have been evaluated by using the HEPI method. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted on 17 and 18 alpha platforms in South Pars region. In this regard, the ranked aggregation questionnaire for the HEPI index has been completed based on event factors, stress, complexity, climate conditions, training and experience for collecting data. Results: The results showed that the risk of the process of returning to safe mode, the activity of immunizing the environment, moving the way to the emergency exits, identification of emergency exits and registering in the TSR was unacceptable. By carrying out corrective actions such as training, repairs, use of safety signs, preparation and delivery of emergency response plans and training for personnel, these activities were within acceptable limits. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, conducting more maneuvers with respect to their feedback can be effective in reducing the risk of reaction in emergency evacuation. A tool such as HEPI can also provide a better understanding of the concept of human error.   Keywords: Human error; Emergency evacuation conditions; Human error probability index}, Keywords = {Human error, Emergency evacuation conditions, Human error probability index}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {28-38}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.28}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-427-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-427-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rangkooy, Hossein Ali and Siahiahangar, Atefeh and Jahani, Fereshteh}, title = {Photocatalytic Removal of Xylene Vapor from Air Flow by Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Immobilized on Synthesis Type 5 Zeolite}, abstract ={Introduction: Xylene is an organic compound that is volatile and widely used in various industries, which is not only for the environment but also for human health even in low-risk concentrations. Today, among the methods for removing pollutants, photocatalytic removal methods Special attention is paid. The present study aimed to determine the efficiency of removal of xylene vapor from airflow using photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide on ZSM-5 zeolite. Methods: In this experimental study, the characteristics of the catalysts were determined using BET, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy scanning (FESEM). Xylene vapors were produced using a dynamical condenser system and the efficiency of xylene vapor depletion was investigated using UV / ZSM-5 / TiO2. Results: Images and spectra obtained from XRD, EDS and FESEM tests showed that stabilization was well done. By increasing the concentration from 50 ppm to 150 ppm and increasing the flow rate from 0.3 to 0.5, the removal efficiency decreased and the removal efficiency at concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 was respectively 35.46, 22.70 And 17.37  percent. Conclusion: The results showed that the use of composite substrates increases the efficiency of photocatalytic removal, and it is suggested that these adsorption and photocatalytic combination systems be used to remove other volatile organic compounds in the gas phase.}, Keywords = {Nanoparticles, Photocatalytic Removal, Xylene, TiO2, ZSM-5 Zeolite}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {39-45}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.39}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shahmohammadi, Davoud and KarimiZeverdegani, Sar}, title = {Investigation of the Relationship between Inhaled Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene, and Xylene Concentrations and the Urine Metabolites Levels in People Working at a Petrochemical Complex}, abstract ={Introduction: Petrochemical industries are known as one of the most important sources of organic pollutants. In this study, the relationship between inhaled benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) concentration with some urine metabolites was investigated in a petrochemical complex Methods: This cross-sectional study was an analytical type with 60 inhalation air samples and biological samples. Sampling and decomposition of pollutants were carried out in accordance with the methods of 1501 and 2549 NIOSH , then results were compared with the Occupational Exposure Scale (OEL) and the proposed National Occupational Exposure Indicators (BEI). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17 software. Results: The mean concentration of TransTransmuconicand was 137μg/g Creatinine and for Hyporic acid, Phenylglyoxalic acid, Methyl-hyporic acid was respectively 0.577, 0.066 and 0.404 g/g Creatinine. The mean concentration of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o, m xylene, p xylene was 3.818, 4.004, 3.357, 0.132, 2.0159 ppm. The results showed that benzene concentrations in 5 inhalable samples and TTMA in 10 urine samples were higher than the proposed limit. Conclusion: The mean total concentration of inhaled BTEXs and their urine metabolites was lower than the recommended range of the country. The high correlation between measured pollutants in respiratory air and the concentration of administrative metabolites can indicate that chronic exposure to these pollutants leads to an increase in the excretion of urine metabolites and occupational activity has a significant effect on the health of trainees. In the face of volatile organic compounds studied.  }, Keywords = {Volatile Compounds, BTEX, Biological Monitoring, Air Monitoring}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {46-54}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.46}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Pourimani, Hamid Reza and Abbasi, Mostaf}, title = {Identification and Analysis of Human Errors in the Maintenance Activities of Molecular Sieve Replacement in the Dehydration Unit of Gas Refineries Using Predictive Human Error Analysis Method}, abstract ={Introduction: Incidental Events in the maintenance activities in the Dehydration Unit of Gas Refineries due to human error, indicate the inadequate effectiveness of the techniques available to identify human errors. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze human error in this repair activity using the PHEA predictive human error analysis technique and provide appropriate control strategies to prevent or reduce the consequences of identified errors. Methods: In this technique, all activities and tasks performed to achieve the main goal were identified using the HTA technique, and then possible types of human error in each phases of the above process were predicted and identified by using the PHEA method and using a series of guidance words.After determining the consequences of each of the errors, appropriate control methods were also provided. Results: Out of 11 operations and 111 sub task occupations analyzed in the PHEA worksheets, a total of 337 errors were identified, of which there were 246 action errors, 13 checking errors, 28 retrieval errors, 33 information communication errors and 17 planning errors. The most significant identified errors are Operation omitted, Misalign, Operation incomplete, Operation mistimed, Right operation on wrong object and Operation too little/too much. Conclusion: According to the results, functional errors are the most common abundance that emphasizes the necessity of using control strategies in the form of adequate and effective training for personnel, preparation and modification of instructions, monitoring of implementation of work and hardware changes.}, Keywords = {molecular sieves, gas refinery, human error, PHEA, HTA}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {55-64}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.55}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Zakerian, Seyed Abolfazl and Zia, Ghasem and NaslSeraji, Gabriel and Azam, Kamal and Mortezapour, Alirez}, title = {Reliability and Validity of the Driver Activity Load Index for Assessing Mental Workload among Drivers in Production Companies}, abstract ={Introduction: Nowadays, the importance of workload has become more apparent in ergonomic studies. Because workload is part of unsafe situation, it can be the cause of the incident. Therefore, its quantification is important in different occupations. This study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the DALI questionnaire for assessing the mental load of drivers.     Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study. All bus drivers operating in one of the manufacturing companies (100 people) entered the study. In order to evaluate the validity, academic experts and queue experts (Lay Experts) were used. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, 10 people were selected and the Cronbach's alpha and intra-cluster correlation test were used to test the reliability. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 18 software.   Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (8.29) years and the mean (SD) of work experience among drivers was 22.18 (6.22) years. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the effective factors in the questionnaire higher than 0.7. Also, intra-cluster correlation coefficient of the questionnaire was higher than 0.7 in all factors affecting the interference factor, which was moderate, which is in the optimum level. Conclusion: Due to the fact that the validity and reliability indices of the questionnaire were all reported to be desirable, the Dali questionnaire (DALI) as a valid and reliable questionnaire in Iran can be used to examine and measure the mental load of drivers.  }, Keywords = {Mental Workload, Drivers, Validity and Reliability, DALI Questionnaire }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {65-71}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.2.65}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-433-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-433-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Saeidnia, Hamid and Babamiri, Mohammad and mortezapour, Alireza and Kalatpour, Omid and Soltanian, Alirez}, title = {The Impact of Individual Variables on perceived effort-reward imbalance and fatigue need for recovery in industrial firefighters}, abstract ={Introduction: Firefighting is a stressful job with great degree of physical and psychological demands. The effort-reward imbalance and fatigue need for recovery in this occupational group can lead to the serious consequences. The present study tries to assess the influences of the personal variables on the effort-reward imbalance and fatigue need for recovery.  Methods: In this cross sectional study, 107 industrial firefighter were recruited in 2018. The effort-reward imbalance and fatigue need for recovery questionnaire were used to collect the required information. The data analyzed by multiple linear regression with SPSS 16 and statistical significance level was less than 0.05. Results: More than 70 percent of the population study reported a desirable level of effort-reward imbalance and fatigue need for recovery status. The results of regression analysis revealed a meaningful relation among personal variables and contractual status with need for recovery index. In addition, a meaningful relation was found between the type of contractual status, sleep disorders and hypnotic drug with over-commitment. However, there was no meaningful relation for effort-reward imbalance.  Conclusion: The results showed a relative desirable status for effort-reward imbalance and need for recovery in the study group. It is recommended to intervene in working condition to obtaining more precise results.    }, Keywords = {effort-reward imbalance, need for recovery, over-commitment, firefighter}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.1}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Dashti, Mohhadese and Razeghimoghadam, Faeze and Sharifi, Zahra and Abareshi, Fateme and Rastaghi, Sedighe and Fallahi, Maji}, title = {Survey of ergonomic position among nail workers in Sabzevar using NERPA method}, abstract ={Introduction: Nail extension is a profession which is entered Iran recently and is expanding vastly. Every profession has its own harmful effects therefore working in nail salons regarding to awkward posture while nail services and equipment and tools which use in this profession makes nail technician face to Ergonomic risk factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the ergonomic status of nail workers in Sabzevar Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done among nail workers in beauty salons. Nordic questionnaire was used to determine incidence of muscoloskeletal disorders and novel Ergonomic Pos-tural Assessment (NERPA) method utilize in order to evaluate body posture. Also local lighting of the work surface was measured to determine its association with muscoloskeletal disorders. Data were analysed using SPSS 17. Results: The prevalence of pain in neck (63.8%), upper back (51.3%), waist (42.5%), shoulder (41.3%) and wrist (6.37%) has the highest value Body posture assessment using NERPA method also showed in all cases (100%), the final score was reached at the highest level (score 7 and the need for immediate change). In addition the intensity of local lighting was lower than the mandatory OEL level of Iran (53.19%) Conclusion: As the finding indicated, nail services as a unknown job and therefore lack of knowledge about this profession and also inadequate monitoring by occupational hygiene inspectors cause high incidence of muscoloskeletal disorders among nail workers, therefore in order to reduce these complications, health care organizations should pay more attention to establish roles and standards.}, Keywords = {Ergonomics, Muscoloskeletal disorders, Nail workers,Local Lighting , NERPA }, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {10-16}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.10}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {mozaffar, ali and Neisi, Abdolkazem and Arshadi, Nasri}, title = {An investigation of psychological variables as predictors of accident– involvement in line employees of National Iranian Drilling Company ( NIDC}, abstract ={Introduction: In the industrial and developing societies, work-related accidents are considered as one of the most important factors that negative impacts on health persons, general public and economy and they are considered as the third cause of mortality in the world. In order to reduce these incidents, the aim of the present study was to examine cognitive failure, safety consciousness and fatigue as the predictors of accidents happening in line employees of National Iranian Drilling Company. Methods: The present research uses a correlation method, type of predicator to predict the membership of a group of employees (both injured and health people) and   obtains an audit risk. The population of the study is consisted of the whole employees working in NIDC, that out of which 260 people were selected by simple random sampling method as a sample and they  were measured by Cognitive Failure (Broadbent et al, 1983), Safety Consciousness (Westaby & Lee, 2003) and Fatigue (Chalder et al, 1993) questionnaires. Results: through audit analysis the data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software. The results showed that cognitive deficits, safety consciousness and fatigue variables were significant at P <0.05, P <0.001 and P = 0.11 levels, respectively, and all three variables could predict the possibility of accidents in workplaces. Conclusion:. Given the obtained results, it is recommended that to reduce the rate of the accidents, the variables as Cognitive Failure, Safety Consciousness and fatigue in workers should be studied and tested and those workers  are employed in the accident-prone workplace that have  high  scores in Safety Consciousness and have low scores in both  cognitive failure and fatigue.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Accident–Involvement, Cognitive Failure, Safety Consciousness, Fatigue.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {17-24}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.17}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-431-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-431-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Behbahani, Somayeh and Dashti, Soolmaz}, title = {Risk Assessment in Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis (ETBA) Using TOPSIS in Steel Making Plant of Iran National Steel Industrial Group}, abstract ={Introduction: Steel manufacturing industry is one of the most challenging industries in the world because the employees are vulnerable to a big deal of dangers regarding to the job's nature. The study evaluated the risk levels in the steel manufacturing unit of Iran National Steel Industrial Group in 2017. Method and Materials: Interviews with professionals as well as ETBA method to manage the risk analysis of the steel manufacturing unit. The risks were compared two by two with the software "Fuzzy AHP Solver" to get weighed (this weight was considered as the risk occurrence probability value). The incident intensity and also the controlling systems were evaluated by the experts. Then the risks were prioritized based on the three factors (incident intensity, occurrence probability and controlling systems) by using the software "BT TOPSIS Solver. Results and discussion:27 risk factors were specified under the categories of safety, health and environment. The melted inflection with the weight of 0.9018 and the gas consumption with the weight of 0.0263 were placed first and last priorities respectively. Then the results were categorized under four levels (high, serious, medium and low) where 44% were high and serious risks,41% were medium and 15%were low risks. Conclusion: This study shows the most important safety risks are the melted inflection and the collision with parts and tools and that the safety risks are of higher priority than the health and environment risks in the steel manufacturing factory. At last, administrative solutions were produced to control and reduce the risks.  }, Keywords = {Risk Assessment, ETBA, Steel making Process, Fussy AHP, TOPSIS}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.25}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-363-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-363-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Farrokhi, Fatemeh and Ghahramani, abolfazl and Hahaghazadeh, Mohamm}, title = {Study of the working postures of nurses and laboratory technicians by REBA method at a hospital in Tabriz}, abstract ={Introduction: The work conditions of nurses and laboratory technicians can lead to musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of the present study was to study the working conditions of nurses in internal and surgical wards and laboratory technicians in a hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in a hospital in Tabriz in 2016. Thirty-two nurses and 20 laboratory technicians were participated in the study. The Nordic questionnaire and REBA method with a new scoring algorithm were used for ergonomic evaluation. For each occupation, the scores of upper body, upper quadrant, lower body, and the percentage of work-time spent with high-strain postures were calculated. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: The musculoskeletal disorders in neck(63.5%) and waist(55.8%) were prevalent. The mean scores of upper body, upper quadrant, and lower body were 8.16, 11.01, and 9.59, respectively. Only the score of lower body was statistically different among three occupational groups due to the difference in the score of the lower body of technicians with nurses. Internal nurses in 11% of and laboratory technicians in 8% of their work shift worked with high-strain postures of upper and lower body, respectively. Conclusion: The REBA method was easily accomplished in the workplace of nurses and laboratory technicians. The internal nurses experience more biomechanical stress than general surgery nurses, especially in upper body. To reduce the high strain postures, the implementation of ergonomic interventions are recommended to improve the postures of upper body of nurses and lower body of laboratory technicians.}, Keywords = {Ergonomics, nurses, laboratory technicians, musculoskeletal disorders, REBA}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.35}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {asivandzadeh, ehsan and jamalizadeh, zeynab}, title = {Evaluating the impact of training and technical interventions on safety climate and safety performance of workers in the construction industry}, abstract ={Introduction: Safety training, as one of the safety interventions, is believed to be an antecedent of safety climate and safety performance improvement within organizations. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of training and technical interventions to provide healthy safety climate in the workplace. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, 480 workers of different job groups in construction Company were entered the study. Data were collected using demographic, safety climate and safety performance questionnaires. Questionnaires were completed at three stages including before the intervention, one month after the first intervention and one month after the second intervention (four months after the first intervention). Data were analyzed by paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance and bonferroni test using SPSS23 software. Results: The findings of this study revealed that there was a significant improvement in all safety training impact subscales indicating that employees promoted their safety performance. The findings of this study also revealed significant improvements in the safety climate, indicating that the training role has been viewed as crucial in improving and supporting employees’ and organization’s safety. Conclusion: Overall, the current study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of safety training impacts and its influence on safety climate, particularly with regard to the improvement of safety performance. The need for further research to investigate the effectiveness of specific safety training intervention with the addition of motivational factors, and its relation to safety climate over a period of time in various industries, remain crucial.}, Keywords = {Training Intervention, Technical Intervention, Safety Climate, Safety Performance, Construction Industry}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.45}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Jahangiri, Mehdi and Abaspour, Siamak and DerakhshanJazari, Milad and Bahadori, Tahmine and Malakoutikhah, Mahdi}, title = {Development of Comprehensive Occupational Health Risk Assessment (COHRA) Method: Case Study in a Petrochemical Industry}, abstract ={Introduction: In order to take control measures to protect the health of employees against occupational hazardous agents, assessing occupational health risks is essential. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for occupational health risk assessment in a petrochemical industry. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among operational and administrative occupational groups in one of the petrochemicals plants in south of Iran. The “comprehensive occupational health risk assessment (COHRA)” method was used to assess the risks of occupational hazards. For this purpose, the exposure rate (ER) and hazard rate (HR) for all hazards were determined based on the results of exposure measurements and health hazards data, respectively. Finally, the risk of occupational health hazards was calculated by multiplying the ER by HR and evaluated. Results: The level of risk in 13.6% of studied occupational groups was evaluated as high. Among occupational health hazards, the risk of exposure to noise and inappropriate lighting, benzene and ergonomic factors were assessed at high and moderate level, respectively. The risk of all occupational health hazards, except for ergonomic factors, were higher among operational compared to administrative jobs. Conclusions: Comprehensive occupational health risk assessment could be used for prioritizing the occupational health hazards and deciding about resource allocation and required control measures.}, Keywords = {Health Risk Assessment, Occupational hazards, Workers, Petrochemical industry }, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.53}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Najafi, zahra and Arghami, Shirazeh}, title = {Identification and Assessment of Human Error for Car Driver using CREAM Technique}, abstract ={Introduction: Road accidents are among the major problems of road transportation in Iran. There are four factors involved in road accidents, including human, road, vehicle, and environment. Among these, human (driver) error has an important role in 70-90% of the accidents. Therefore, the present study was aimed at identifying and examining driver errors using the Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to examine a specific scenario involving driving tasks. First, using the Hierarchical task analysis, the driving tasks for the scenario were analyzed. Then, using the primary and broad CREAM techniques, possible driver controls and cognitive errors were determined for the tasks. Results: Analysis of the scenario using the primary CREAM technique revealed nine diver tasks, including wearing a seat-belt, controlling the indicators, acceleration changing, direction changing, adjusting the distance, stopping the car, turning off the car, unbuckling the seat belt, and the light type of tactical control. Then, using the broad CREAM technique, the execution (71.87%), observation (18.75), and Interpretation (9.38%) errors were determined. Conclusion: Using the primary technique, four cases of performance-reducing conditions were identified. In General, according to the broad CREAM technique, 32 driver errors were identified. The most common cognitive errors included execution and observation errors. It can be concluded that based on the proposed controls, the risk of human error can be reduced for the analyzed subtasks.}, Keywords = {Human error, performance reliability, CREAM technique, Road traffic safety, Driver}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {63-75}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.21859/johe.5.3.63}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {babamiri, Mohammad and hydarimoghadam, rashid and saeidnia, hamid and mohamadi, younes and judaki, jamshi}, title = {Investigation of the Role of Mental Workload, Fatigue, and Sleep Quality in the Development of Musculoskeletal Disorders}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Considering the importance and high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, this study aimed to investigate the role of mental workload, fatigue, and sleep quality in the development of musculoskeletal disorders. Materials and Methods: This study included 243 employees working at Borujerd health center. The participants were selected based on simple random sampling. The data were collected using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, Sophie Fatigue Questionnaire, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Moreover, the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique was utilized to evaluate the mental workload. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 18) through the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Chi-square test, and regression analysis. Results: According to the results of this study, back pain was ranked as the most prevalent disorder. The results of the correlation analysis showed a significant association between mental workload and fatigue with musculoskeletal disorders (P≤0.05). Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between sleep quality and musculoskeletal disorders (P≤0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that reduced workload and fatigue, as well as improved sleep quality, can decrease the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among the staff.}, Keywords = {Fatigue, Mental workload, Musculoskeletal Disorder, Sleep Quality}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.1}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-424-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-424-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {KAZEMI, RUHOLAH and Nematpour, Leila and jazayeri, Seyed ami}, title = {Assessment of Safety and Health Performance Based on ELMERI Index in One of the Steel Industries in Khuzestan Province, Iran}, abstract ={Background and Objective: In the last few decades, organizational factors have become the leading indicators of occupational health and safety (OHS) performance in industries. ELMERI is a simple and cost-effective method for monitoring OHS performance in the manufacturing industries. Regrading this, the present study was carried out to evaluate the safety and health performance in a steel industry by using the ELMERI index. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the safety and health conditions of the workplace were evaluated by Health and Safety Executive (HSE) specialists using the ELMERI index. The ELMERI index covered safety behavior, workplace hygien and housekeeping, machinery safety, occupational health, ergonomics, walkways, fire safety, and first aids. Finally, ELMERI index was examined based on the findings. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that an ELMERI index of 69% is indicative of a moderate performance. Safety behavior, workplace hygien and housekeeping, machinery safety, occupational health, ergonomics, walkways, fire safety, and first aids were determined as 75%, 64.4%, 80.5%, 51.4%, 66%, 75%, and 79.6%, respectively. Conclusion: A common feature for goal setting and a real-time indication of OHS performance is the use of the ELMERI method. The ELMERI method fills the gap between management activities and accident-based indicators in OHS management systems. The results of this study enable managers to make the best decisions to provide and implement preventive measures based on indicators and events by the evaluation of performance safety.}, Keywords = {ELMERI Index, Safety and Health Performance, Steel Industry}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {8-16}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.8}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-428-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-428-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Zakerian, Seyed Abolfazl and TarziMoghaddam, Sara and Toulabi, Karamallah and MortezapourSoufiani, Alireza and Khanehshenas, Farin and Mosaferchi, Saeedeh}, title = {Ergonomics in Laparoscopic Surgery: A Case Study in Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Technological progress and application of the modern surgical techniques have led to more interest in laparoscopy by surgeons and patients. As a result, surgeons might potentially have more complications due to this procedures. Knowledge and practice of ergonomics principles can greatly reduce these problems. With this background in mind, this study evaluated the ergonomic issues in laparoscopic surgeons. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 laparoscopic surgeons employed at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran through the census method. The data were collected using the researcher-made survey questionnaire regarding ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery. All the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics utilizing the SPSS software version 21. Results: The findings of this study showed that most of the surgeons were not satisfied with the hand-held instrument (72%) and foot pedal (38%). Moreover, 48% and 38% of the surgeons expressed that neck and shoulder discomfort may arise due to inappropriate position of the monitor and unadjusted height of the operating table, respectively. However, only 24% of the subjects were aware of ergonomics guidelines concerning laparoscopic surgery. Conclusion: According to our results, the surgeons stated that it is necessary to understand the ergonomics problems of the work environments with the aim of finding effective interventions. Therefore, taking into account the interactions between the surgeon and the operating room, in addition to improving the knowledge about ergonomics principles can play an important role in reducing the occupational injury in the surgeons.}, Keywords = {Ergonomics in Healthcare, Laparoscopic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Discomfort, Operating Room, Surgeon}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {17-25}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.17}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Rangkooy, Hossein Ali and Jahani, Fereshteh and SiahiAhangar, Atefeh}, title = {Effect of the Type of Ultraviolet on the Photocatalytic Removal of Xylene as a Pollutant in the Air Using TiO2 Nanoparticles Fixed on the Activated Carbon}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Currently, photocatalysts have become a major focus of research in physics, chemistry, and surface engineering. It is hoped that this science help to solve various environmental problems.  This study investigated the effect of ultraviolet lamp type on the removal efficiency of xylene utilizing the fixation of TiO2 nanoparticles on the activated carbon absorber and passing different concentrations of polluted air through xylene. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after the fixation of nanoparticles on activated carbon, the produced catalyst characteristics with the specific surface area were determined using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A dynamic concentrator system was used in order to produce xylene vapor. Moreover, the photocatalytic removal efficiency of xylene with three inlet concentrations of the pollutant was studied under ultraviolet rays in the wavelengths of A and C regions. Results: The results of BET analysis and SEM images showed that nanoparticles were well fixed on the surface of activated carbon. Moreover, the photocatalytic removal efficiency in the concentrations of 50, 100 and 300 ppm was equal to 87.8%, 98.9%, and 90.8%, respectively. In addition, no significant difference was observed between ultraviolet A and C regarding photocatalytic removal efficiency of xylene. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the inlet concentration of the pollutant had an effect on its photocatalytic removal efficiency. However, there was no significant difference between ultraviolet A and C regarding photocatalytic removal efficiency of xylene}, Keywords = {Photocatalytic Removal, TiO2 Nanoparticles, Ultraviolet A, Ultraviolet C}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {26-32}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.26}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Abareshi, Fateme and Hekmatshoar, Reza and Rastaghi, Sedighe and Sharifi, Zahr}, title = {Appropriateness of Hospital Equipment Ergonomic Indices to Nurse\'s anthropometric Dimensions}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Lack of anthropometric data in order to design workstations and equipment can cause work-related injuries; therefore, it is necessary to create anthropometric database. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the appropriateness of hospital equipment ergonomic indices to female nurses’ anthropometric dimensions in one of the teaching and therapeutic hospitals of Sabzevar, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 96 female nurses were selected using convenience sampling method. In the first phase, the participants completed the demographic questionnaire and body map checklist. Then, in addition to height and weight, 14 anthropometric dimensions of the subjects were measured by an expert in ergonomics using Calipers. Furthermore, in order to compare the participants’ ergonomic dimensions with equipment dimensions in hospital, the dimensions of the ten most used equipment in the hospital were measured. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 17) using the Chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, and Student's t-test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The findings of the present study indicated that high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among female nurses, especially in the neck, waist, back, shoulder, and knee regions were reported as 73.7%, 70.62%, 69.38%, 14/55 %, and 32/48%, respectively. Moreover, the investigation of the participants’ anthropometric dimensions and the measurement of equipment dimensions revealed that there was no appropriateness in many aspects, such as access limit, mid-shoulder height, standing elbow height, with the equipment, such as serum holder, drug trolley, medicinal shelf, hospital bead, and nursing station. Conclusion: Despite the differences in the physical dimensions of female nurses, the equipment was not proportional to the participants’ anthropometric dimensions in the present study. It is necessary to consider this issue in order to reduce the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders.}, Keywords = {Anthropometry, Ergonomics, Hospital Equipment, Nurses}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {33-40}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.33}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {mohammadi, abbas and fouladidehaghi, behzad and Nematpour, Leil}, title = {Mental Fatigue and Its Effect on the Performance of the Faculty of Health Staff Using Electroencephalographic Signals}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Mental fatigue usually occurrs as a result of long-term cognitive activities. Mental fatigue could have important effects on the daily lives of healthy people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate mental fatigue and its impact on staff performance. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytic study was performed on 10 staff with a mean age of 36±6.19 years. To evaluate the performance of the participants, they were asked to read a text with spelling errors and then correct them. This test was performed in 5 steps of 15 min during which electroencephalography (EEG) was performed. At each step, the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) was completed by the staff. The data were analyzed statistically by the repeated measures ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: According to the results, the brain waves decreased during the experiment, which was indicative of increased mental fatigue. The EEG was recorded as 213.14±59.98 and 77.68±21.68 in the first and last 15 min, respectively. In addition, the participants were reported their fatigue by KSS, based on which the performance of the participants was shown to decrease from 27.3±4.53 to 17.5±5.19. Conclusion: The EEG facilitates the investigation of mental fatigue over different periods of time. As the results indicated, mental fatigue caused by long-term cognitive activities could result in the reduction of the accuracy, focus, and consciousness of the staff. Finally, increased mental fatigue led to the recution of the quality of individuals’ performance.}, Keywords = {Electroencephalography, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Mental fatigue, Performance}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {41-49}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.41}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {mohammadi, Heidar and Soltanzadeh, Ahmad and Heidari, Hamidreza and Mohammad-beygi, Abolfazl and mahdinia, Mohsen and Rahimi, Jamshi}, title = {Factor Analysis of Risk Variables Affecting Occupational Injuries: A Field Study in Construction Projects}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Approximately, half of the occupational accidents are associated with the construction industry in Iran. Therefore, the factor analysis of risk variables affecting occupational injuries in the construction industry can lead to understanding and reducing the rate of injuries in these projects. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors affecting the types of injuries in construction projects based on factor analysis. Materials and Methods: This field study was conducted on 65 active construction projects. The collected data included 55 injuries that were analyzed in SPSS software (Version 22.0) based on exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The most frequent type of injuries regarding the order were spinal cord injury (41.2%), cuts (32.4%), organ failure (17.6%), and multiple scars (8.8%). Based on exploratory factor analysis, 26 indicator variables were classified in six groups of latent factors, including individual, occupational, unsafe conditions, unsafe acts, the type of injury incidence, and the type of injury. The findings of the confirmatory factor analysis of latent factors showed a significant correlation within these factors (P<0.05). The goodness of fitness of the model was evaluated as good (RMSEA=0.663). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the incidence of injuries in construction projects can be due to the interaction between different factors and indicator variables. In addition, the results of factor analysis in this study indicated a difference between the effect of each of the indicator variables and latent factors.}, Keywords = {Construction Industry, Factor Analysis, Occupational Accident, Occupational Injury}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {50-56}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.50}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-470-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-470-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {NabiBidhendi, gholamreza and mohammadzadehBahar, Hajar}, title = {Assessment of Critical Fire Risks in an Industrial Estate Using a Combination of Fuzzy Logic, Expert Elicitation, Bow-tie, and Monte Carlo Methods}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Industrial estates have been described as highly prone to fire incidents. According to the baseline studies, more than 85% of the industrial accidents occurring in industrial estates during the 80s and 90s were fire incidents affecting more than one factory in 10% of the cases.   Materials and Methods: After the identification of 30 high-risk industries in Abbasabad industrial estate, a fault tree was designed using the hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP). In the next stage, the weak links in the system were pinpointed using quantitative and qualitative analysis and Bayesian network. The failure rate of each area was predicted using the available data and experts’ opinions, and then calculated using the fuzzy logic and Monte Carlo methods. The data were analyzed in the Crystalball software. After the analysis of the risks, the critical risks were identified and filtered using the Bowtie method, and then subjected to the management process. Results: The consultation with industrial experts during the HAZOP process and application of filtration resulted in the identification of 15 major incidents, 9 and 6 events of which were probabilistic and fuzzy, respectively. The risks were rated based on the experts’ opinions and the given model; in this regard, the foam and paint industries gained the highest modeling score. Conclusion: The sensitivity analysis of failure probability revealed that the industries using or producing materials with a low flammable point have a higher risk; therefore, more attention should be paid to these industries to prevent the fire incidents. The application of the results of this study in the development of the required guidelines and trainings for the industrial managers resulted in a decrease in the number of accidents in Abbasaabad estate.}, Keywords = {Crisis Management, Bow-tie Evaluation Model, Fuzzy Logic}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {57-65}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.29252/johe.5.4.57}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-477-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-477-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2019} }