@article{ author = {Rismanchian, Masoud and Garsivaz, Massomeh and Porzamani, Hamidreza and Maracy, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Studying the Effects of in-Cabin Decoration and Deodorizer on Interior Concentrations of Toluene and Ethyl Benzene in Logan 90 Cars}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Exposure to different chemical compounds such as toluene and ethyl benzene occurs in workplaces, residency, and urban areas. Currently, vehicle cabin environment is one of the new exposure sources of passengers to these compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of in-cabin decoration and deodorizer use on interior concentrations of toluene and ethyl benzene in Logan cars .   Methods : Samples were collected using activated carbon absorption and low- flow sampling pumps in a roofed parking of 44 “Logan 90” cars and analyzed with gas chromatography along with mass detector.   Results : The mean concentration of toluene (42.02 &mug/m3) was higher than ethyl benzene (17.44 &mug/m3) in vehicles. The mean concentrations of toluene and ethyl benzene in cars without decoration were 13.84 and 11.24 &mug/m3, respectively and in cars with seat cover were 49.09 and 14.35 &mug/m3, respectively.   Conclusion : The results showed that vehicle age had no significant effect on the concentration of these substances however, non-used vehicles had significantly higher concentrations of these substances. Decoration and deodorizer use had no significant effect on the concentration of toluene and ethyl benzene in cars.}, Keywords = {Toluene, Ethyl benzene, Deodorizers, Vehicle decoration}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-21-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-21-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Negahban, Seyed Amir Reza and Aliabadi, Mohsen and BabayiMesdaraghi, Yusuf and Farhadian, Maryam and Jalali, Mehdi and Kalantari, Behzad and MolaKazemiha, Mehdi}, title = {Investigating the Association between Heat Stress and its Psychological Response to Determine the Optimal Index of Heat Strain}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Exposure to high temperatures is common among workers in warm environments leading to some undesirable effects . The aim of this study was to examine physiological responses to heat stress to determine the optimal index for direct measurement of physiological strain in workers of hot environments .   Methods: In this study, 40 workers of melting and casting process were evaluated . Thermal stress was evaluated based on the WBGT index and physiological strain by measuring oral and tympanic temperature , urine temperature , heart rate, and recovery heart rate. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.16 software .   Results : Heat stress exceeded the national and international recommended limits based on the WBGT index in 80% of cases of workstations . The correlations between heat strains including tympanic temperature, oral temperature, urine temperature, heart rate and heart rate recovery to heat stress index were significant, while tympanic temperature had a stronger association according to simple linear regression (P<0.01, R2=0.78) .   Conclusion: Tympanic temperature had a stronger correlation with the WBGT index among the investigated indices . Accordingly , tympanic temperature could be a useful indicator compared to other parameters for measuring physiological strain in warm workplaces due to the ease of measurement, noninvasive nature , acceptance by workers , and fast and non- interference in the measurement process .}, Keywords = {Heat stress, Heat strain, Hot workplaces, Tympanic temperature}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-22-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-22-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mohammadfam, Iraj and Shokouhipour, Amir and Zamanparvar, Alirez}, title = {A Framework for Assessment of Intentional Fires}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : It is not possible to live without using fire. However, fire could destruct human properties in a short time. One of the most important types of fire is intentional fire. This type of fire has become a great problem for insurance companies, fire departments, industries, government and business in the recent years. This study aimed to provide a framework for risk assessment of intentional fires .  Methods: In the present study, risk assessment and management model for protecting critical properties and security vulnerability assessment model were used to develop a comprehensive framework for risk assessment of intentional fires. The framework was examined in an automotive industry .  Results : The designed framework contained five steps as 1) asset inventory and prioritizing them according to their importance, 2) invasion assessment, 3) vulnerability assessment, 4) risk assessment and design and 5) implementation and evaluating the effectiveness of corrective/preventive actions. Thirty different scenarios for intentional fires were identified by implementing the designed framework in an automotive company, and then the associated risk of each scenario was quantitatively determined. Conclusion : Compared to seven models, the proposed framework represents its comprehension. Development of safety and security standards and a central security information bank to reduce security risks, including the risk of intentional fires is recommended .}, Keywords = {Safety, Risk Management, Arson}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {16-25}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-23-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-23-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Kazemi1, Zeinab and Mazloumi, Adel and Hamzeyan, Mostafa and TarziMoghadam, Sar}, title = {Ergonomic Assessment of a Seat Back Support (Spine Fit)}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : In case of inappropriateness of the dimensions of chairs or when users feel pain and pressure in their lumbar region due to poor posture, damage to the spine can be prevented using some additional supports. The aim of this study was ergonomic evaluation of one of these supportive products named “Spine Fit”. Methods : In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, in the first stage, five ergonomists evaluated the product regarding its dimension, adjustability, material, conformity, and manufacturer claims. Then, three groups of workers including office workers, office workers with low back pain, and bus drivers filled out a self-administered questionnaire after using Spine Fit .  Results : For the first stage, an acceptable adjustability and dimension was found. Conformity for different kinds of office and bus seats was mostly fair. Findings from the second stage revealed that the subjects in three groups were satisfied regarding seats comfort and ease of use. Concerning the conformity of Spine Fit, it was in good level among office workers, while different levels of conformity were observed by drivers of different models of bus . Conclusion : Spine Fit supports back region based on its supportive role in pelvis, lumbar vertebrae column and thoracic spine. Moreover, Spine Fit features that reduce sweating can improve individuals’ convenience.}, Keywords = {Spine Fit, Ergonomic evaluation, Back support}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-35}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Negahban, Seyed Amir Reza and GhorbaniShahna, Farshid and Rahimpoor, Razagh and Jalali, Mahdi and Rahiminejad, Samira and Soltanian, Alireza and Bahram, Abdolrahm}, title = {Evaluating Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in an Oil-Dependent Chemical Industry: a Case Study on Benzen and Epichlorohydrin}, abstract ={Methods: Among 346 collected samples, benzene was identified in all cases (100%) and epichlorohydrin in 156 samples (45%). A significant difference was found in the mean of exposure to benzene and epichlorohydrin in various workshops (Pvalue <0.05). Occupational exposure to benzene in machiner with 1.68 ppm and patrol officers with 0.018 ppm were the highest and lowest values, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean exposure to benzene in various occupations (Pvalue > 0.05). <span nazanin'"="" 'b="" calibri="" 12pt="" roman","serif"="" new="" times="">Conclusion<span nazanin'"="" 'b="" calibri="" 12pt="" roman","serif"="" new="" times="">: It seems that work nature of employees in chemical industry affects their exposure to volatile organic compounds in workplace. According to the results, due to the proximity of compounds concentration to the action level, especially benzene and also the workers exposure to less than the maximum limit in the long-term, reducing exposure through appropriate control measures are necessary.}, Keywords = {Benzene, Epichlorohydrin, Chemical Compounds, Carcinogens, Exposure}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {36-46}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Golmohamadi, Rostam and ShafieeMotlagh, Masoud and JamshidiRastani, Mahdi and Salimi, Nasim and Valizadeh, Zahr}, title = {Assessment of Interior and Area Artificial Lighting in Hospitals of Hamadan City}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives: Comfort lighting is one of the most important topics, which provides optimum physical conditions in general environment and workplaces such as hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate general, local and area artificial illumination of Hamadan city hospitals .   Methods : In this descriptive-analytical study, general, local and area artificial illumination in seven Hamadan hospitals in 2006 were evaluated. Lighting intensities (illuminance) were measured according to recommended IESNA method using the lux meter model (Lutron-Lx102) in the early hours of night. Lighting quality parameters such as color rendering, technical suitability of design and lighting uniformity were evaluated. Data was analyzed using SPSS 13 .   Results : The average of interior illuminance was 90.44 ± 46.97 lx, which was lower than the national recommended limits. Maximum and minimum intensity values of interior illuminance were in nursing station and laboratory, respectively. The average of area illuminance was 47.92 ± 53.2 lx and local illuminance was 131.5 ± 60.2 lx, which were lower than the recommended limits. Maximum intensity of local illuminance was in laboratories and the minimum levels were in admitted rooms, checkup and injection units. In total, 90.6% of general interior lighting systems, 83.3% of area lighting systems and 100% of local lighting systems had unaccepted design .   Conclusion : The average of general, local and area illuminance in Hamadan hospitals were not within the acceptable limits for comfort lighting. To obtain comfort lighting in studied hospitals, reforming and modifying lightening systems is necessary .}, Keywords = {Comfort lighting, Interior Lighting, Area lighting, Hospital}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-56}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Golmohamadi, Rostam and Mohamadfam, Iraj and ShafieeMotlagh, Masoud and Darvishi, Ebrahim and Mortezaie, Akram and Azizian, Faeze}, title = {Planning an Automatic Fire Detection, Alarm, and Extinguishing System for Research Laboratories}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives: Educational and research laboratories in universities have a high risk of fire, because they have a variety of materials and equipment. The aim of this study was to provide a technical plan for safety improvement in educational and research laboratories of a university based on the design of automatic detection, alarm, and extinguishing systems .   Methods : In this study, fire risk assessment was performed based on the standard of Military Risk Assessment method (MIL-STD-882). For all laboratories, detection and fire alarm systems and optimal fixed fire extinguishing systems were designed.   Results : Maximum and minimum risks of fire were in chemical water and wastewater (81.2%) and physical agents (62.5%) laboratories, respectively. For studied laboratories, we designed fire detection systems based on heat and smoke detectors. Also in these places, fire-extinguishing systems based on CO2 were designed .   Conclusion : Due to high risk of fire in studied laboratories, the best control method for fire prevention and protection based on special features of these laboratories is using automatic detection, warning and fire extinguishing systems using CO2 .}, Keywords = {Fire detection, Fire extinguishing, Research laboratories}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-65}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mazloumi, Adel and Hosseini, Seyed Hamid Reza and Ahmadvand, Abdolsamad and Kazemi, Zeinab}, title = {Ergonomics Risk Assessment with Participation of Supervisors in Production Line: a Successful Experience in Pars Khodro Company}, abstract ={Background & Objectives: According to previous researches, workers' participation in issues affecting their working condition is the key to success in ergonomics interventions in working environments. Therefore, the present study was performed to increase active particapitation of supervisors in production line and also to identify and assess ergonomics risks and presenting modification actions (Kaizen) by themselves in Pars Khodro automobile manufacturing company. Methods: A manual regarding lifting objects and body postures, according to the Finish evaluation method, was provided for supervisors in production line and related trainings were presented to them. Then, they were asked to insert the results of their assessments and suggestions in special forms during one year. The presented assessments and suggestions were examined by ergonomics experts. Results: According to the assessments conducted by supervisors, 26 work stations had high ergonomics risks, 51 had ergonomics risks with an average level, and 45 had low ergonomics risks. Moreover, the number of required Kaizens presented by supervisors was increased from 18 cases in the first year to 42 cases in the second year, after implementation of ergonomics training and identifying and assessing ergonomic risks by supervisors. Conclusion: Empowering and training supervisors increased workers' participation. In case of adequate training, supervisors can present practical solutions to reduce ergonomics risks in their workstations.}, Keywords = {Muskuloskeletal disorders, Ergonomics risk assessment, Posture}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {66-72}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Mohammad Javad and Naserpour, Mahsa and Monazzam, Mohammad Reza and Saremi, Mahnaz and PouraghaShahneshin, Hamid Reza and JamBarSang, Sar}, title = {Evaluation of Students’ Cognitive Performance while Exposed to Heat using Continues Performance Test}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives: Many studies were conducted to determine the effects of heat stress on human performance. However, they could not reach a decisive conclusion, mainly due to a large variation in experimental conditions and tests. This study investigated cognitive performance of university students exposed to different levels of heat stress under laboratory condition. Methods: In this cross sectional study,33 students aged 23-35 years performed cognitive tests. Participants were exposed to four Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) of 18, 22, 29 and 33 ºC under laboratory conditions while performing CPT tests to investigate attention and reaction time. Results: The maximum percentage of continues attention (99.67%) belonged to WBGT of 22 º C, and at the upper and lower levels of exposure (WBGT of 18 and 33 º C) percentage of attention was reduced. Although the percentage of attention was changed in different levels of heat stress, statistical analysis did not show any significant differences in attention between levels of heat stress (Pvalue>0.05). In addition, increase in WBGT index from 22-33 º C increased the reaction time. At the WBGT of 33 º C, statistical analysis showed significant difference in reaction time compared to other heat stress levels(Pvalue<0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that in the CPT test, exposure to heat stress at levels of occupational exposure limit,wouldimprove performances, but exposure to higher levels of heat stress woulddecrease it.}, Keywords = {Heat Stress, Attention , Reaction Time, Continues Performance Test}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-44-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-44-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Atabi, Farideh and Nouri, Ali}, title = {Study of Air Pollution Due to Plasma Cutting Process and Designing Local Ventilation System with Collector in Central Workshop of Mobarakeh Steel Company}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : Cutting leads to production of different hazardous agents such as fumes, particles, gases and vapors. In various studies, the effects of fumes, gases, and vapors on workers and environment have been proved. Meanwhile, cutting alloying plates with plasma cutting machine due to containing various alloy materials produces a lot of air pollution. Therefore, using the ventilation system to remove the mentioned pollution has always been noteworthy. Method: This study was performed on plasma cutting machine at Mobarakeh Steel Company. At first, according to ASTM the elements from alloy plates with optical emission spectrometry crm-35000-quantometery were detected, the air pollution from cutting the mentioned plates was sampled and measured using NIOSH 7300 method and according to the ACGIH:VS-72-20, VS-70-12, VS-70-11 VS-916 push-pull ventilation with bag filter collector was designed. Results: Results of sampling from pollution of cutting the alloy material, concentration of iron, lead and cadmium fumes were more than the standard limits. After calculation for push system, air flow volume of 195.163 cfm, outgoing air velocity of 5937.4 fpm and for pull system air flow volume of 12498 cfm, minimum duct velocity of 3000 fpm and velocity pressure of duct of 0.717 inwg, for fan, total pressure of 6.301 inwg, static pressure of 0.587 inwg and power of 20.65 Bhp and for collector with pulse jet cleaning system air to cloth ratio of 7 and dimensions of 6.88ft × 6.56ft × 9.84ft were obtained.  Conclusion: The result of study indicated that push pull ventilation compared to other ventilation system s for plasma cutting has more efficiency and makes suitable control for pollution.}, Keywords = {Air Pollution, Collector, Local Ventilation, Plasma Cutting}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {10-19}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-46-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-46-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {MirzaeiAliabadi, Mostafa and Naderi, Ghasem and Shahtaheri, Seyed Jamaleddin and RahimiForushani, Abbas and Jahangiri, Mehdi}, title = {Characterization of XNBR-clay Nanocomposite a New Material for Protective Gloves}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives: Dermal exposure to chemical agents can result in a variety of occupational diseases and disorders, including occupational skin diseases and systemic toxicity . T he present paper focused on transport properties of nanocomposite based on carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR)-nanoclay.  Methods: In this study, XNBR gloves nanocomposite were prepared at different amounts of nanoclay i.e. 3, 6, 9 phr (parts per hundred of rubber). Swelling procedure was conducted for different nanocomposites using two neat organic solvents (i.e. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and Ethyl acetate).  Results: Near Fickian diffusion was observed for XNBR based nanocomposites containing different amounts of nanoclay. The permeability coefficients were higher for ethyl acetate compared to CCl4 in all XNBR nanocomposites. In addition, a significant decrease was observed in the permeability coefficients of the selected solvent XNBR3.  Conclusion : Analysis of transport properties of synthesized nanocomposites illustrated that application of these materials seems promising for manufacturing protective gloves.}, Keywords = {Nanocomposites, Nanoclay, Gloves}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-26}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-47-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-47-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Baroonyzade, Zeinab and Motamedzade, Majid and Golmohammdi, Rostam and Kasraei, Shahin and Faradmal, Jav}, title = {Assessment of Postural Load Index Using LUBA Method and the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : High prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dentistry represents the importance of investigation of working conditions in this profession to reduce musculoskeletal disorders.The purpose of this study was to determine the postural load on the upper limb postural using macro LUBA technique and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 post graduate dental students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences . LUBA technique was used to evaluate the postural load. The Nordic questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders . The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 . Results: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was as follows neck( 63.3%), back ( 43.3%), back ( 30%), knee ( 20%), shoulder( 13%), wrist ( 10%), legs (10 %), elbows( 6.7%) and thigh( 0%). The maximum postural load index was 23 for women and 21for men. In total, 50 % of dentists were in group 3 , 33 % of dentists in group 4 and 16.7 % in group 2 of the corrective measures . There was no significant association b etween demographic variables and presence of musculoskeletal disorders . Besides, there was no significant association between the presence of pain in upper limbs and the postural load index (Pvalue > 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed high levels of p ostural load index and musculoskeletal disorders among dental students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. High levels of p ostural load index indicate a high level of risk, which requires immediate corrective action and intervention.}, Keywords = {LUBA method, Postural load index, Dentists}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {27-36}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-45-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-45-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Golmohammadi, Rostam and Azizi, Mahtab and Aliabadi, Mohsen and Khalili, Najmeh}, title = {Evaluating Optical Components of Conventional Compact Fluorescent Lamps}, abstract ={Background and Objectives : Efficient Illuminance, ColorTemperature (CT), Color Rendering Index (CRI) and luminance regulations are the necessary needs for designing workplaces. The aim of this study was to investigate optical components in commercial Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs).  Methods : In this study, 48 coil compact fluorescent lamps available at Hamadan city market with some brands and cover (warm – cool) were selected. Illuminance of lamps was measured using lux meter model INS-DX-200 and luminance was measured usinG HAGNER-S2. Color chracteristics were measured using spectoradiometer model Light Spex-3 - Gretag Macbet h .  Results: The mean CRI of studied CFLs was 83.67% ± 6.06 and CCT of them was 4212± 1668 °K. Statistical test of the balanced illuminance and luminance in studied lamps had not significant differences between warm light and cool light color lamps(Pvalue> 0.05).Besides,they had significant differences between balanced Illuminance based on domestic and foreign companies (Pvalue< 0.01).Comparing means showed that balanced illuminance of the domestic lamps was more than foreign products.  Conclusion: According to the study, due to variations in quantity and quality factors, consumers should pay attention to brands and valid quality certificate of CFLs. Since the mean illuminance of the lamps in one-meter distance was about 54 Lx/10W and in 2-meter distance was 22 Lx/10W, needed precautions should be madetouse CFLs in designing general and local electric lightings.}, Keywords = {Illuminance,Luminance,Color Rendition Index, Color Temperature, Compact Fluorescent Lamp}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {37-46}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-48-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-48-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Karimi, Ali and JamshidiSlukloei, Hamid Reza and Eslamizad, Samir}, title = {Designing SQCRA as a Software to Semi-quantitative Chemical Risk Assessment in Workplace}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : The aim of chemical risk assessment is to identify and evaluate risks originated from chemicals usages. This study aims to design a practical tool for facilitating chemical risk assessment. Methods: The proposed software was derived from chemical risk assessment method which was recommended by Ministry of Human Resources of Malaysia. All of the processes in question are designed in operating system software. Based on some revisions, this software was developed using Visual Basic (VB) titled as SQCRA. The developed software was used for chemical risk assessment in Narges Vegetale Oil Company in Shiraz (center of Iran). Result: The output of software showed that the level of risk derived from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, aluminum sulphate, nickel catalyst, acetic acid used as a raw material were 2.4, 2.84, 2.3, 3.5 and 2.66, respectively. Moreover, risk rank and proposed control methods for each of these materials were determined. Conclusions : The developed software calculates the health risk level based on the degree of hazard and exposure in shorttime and without using risk matrix and chemical formula. After determining the risk rank, the software proposes the control procedures to reduce occupational exposure. }, Keywords = {Risk Assessment, Chemicals, Occupational Exposure, Software of SQCRA}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {47-56}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-49-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-49-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Soltanzadeh, Ahmad and Mohammadfam, Iraj and Moghimbeygi, Abbas and Akbarzadeh, Mehdi}, title = {Studying Disabling Occupational Accidents in the Construction Industry During Two Years}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives : Idnetifying causes of occupational accidents is a key issue to prevent these accidents. The present study aimed to identify and analyze debilitating accidents in the construction industry during a two-year period ( 2010 - 2011 years) .  Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The study data included information about all debilitating accidents occurred within two years. Data collection was performed according to the accident report forms in construction sites. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16. The level of significance was considered as P=0.05.  Results: The mean age and job experience of injured people were 27.95±6.95 and 2.34±2.00 years, respectively. Most injuries to people were reported in hand (35.4%), legs (28.3%) and back (20.4%). Most of accident types were respectively related to slipping and falling (26.1%), throwing objects (21.7%), falls (18.6%), abrasion (16.8%) and clash (16.4%). Moreover, the main causes of accidents were related to lack of housekeeping (97.3%), lack of proper training (85.8%), lack of PPE (73.0%), unsafe acts (63.3%), unsafe conditions (32.3%) and equipment (22.6%). Conclusion: Analyzing causes of disabling accidents in the construction industry showed that important factors in these accidents included lack of housekeeping, failure to provide proper training, lack of suitable PPE, unsafe acts, unsafe conditions and equipment for the construction jobs}, Keywords = {Debilitating Accident, Analysis, Construction Industry}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-50-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-50-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Motamedzade, Majid and Tavakoli, Masome and Golmohammadi, Rostam and Moghimbeyg, Abbas i}, title = {Reliability Assessment of Washington States Ergonomic Checklist Using Agreement Method between the Observers of Two Groups of Ergonomic Specialist and Non-specialist}, abstract ={Background & Objectives: Assessment of physical risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders is performed by different methods including observational methods. Validity of these methods are important in workplaces. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of the Washington States ergonomics checklist as an observational method. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 50 workers and three tasks in a mattress manufacturing industry. The checklist completed by first group (non-specialists) and second group (ergonomic specialists) in the selected tasks. After assessment, the coefficient of agreement between observers with kappa value was analyzed using SPSS (version 16) software. Findings: The first group of observers disagreed about the risk factors of hand force related to caution zone jobs checklist and awkward posture related to hazard zone jobs checklist and kappa value were 0.349 , 0.360 and 0.847, respectively. In the second group of observers, kappa values were 0.847 and 0.719 respectively about awkward posture and hand force risk factors. Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that reliability of this method had been weak to good according to calculated kappa values between observers in the first group and good to excellent in the second group and there is possibility error in comparison between the two groups, which might be due to nonspecific nature of this tool and lack the necessary skills of the observers.}, Keywords = {Musculoskeletal Disorders, Washington States Ergonomic Checklist, Reliability}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-73}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-51-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-51-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Golmohamadi, Rostam and Alizadeh, Homeira and Motamedzade, Majid and Soltanian, Alirez}, title = {Assessment of Interior General and Local Lighting in Carpet Weaving Workshops in Bijar City}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : The comfort lighting in the workplace provides employees visual health which can improve safety, visual comfort and enhance performance and product quality. The present study was conducted to evaluate general and local lighting in carpet weaving workshops in Bijar city . Methods : In this descriptive analytical study, 101 carpet weaving workshops were randomly selected. The illuminance were measured based on the models and formulas presented in Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) using luxmeter model Hagner EC1 in height 76 cm from the ground surface. The local illuminances were measured in horizontal and vertical weaving level. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16).  Results : Research findings revealed the average of total and artificial illuminance level were 484.5±458.9 and 80.0±49.9 Lx respectively. Mean total, natural and artificial illuminance 39.6, 57.4 and 100 percent were lower the recommended 300 Lx levels. The average of minimum of local illuminance was less than 500 Lx in all workshops. Conclusion : About 60% of workrooms had the acceptable general illuminance levels in middle day. However, due to the insufficient lighting sources in workshops, the artificial illuminance levels are unsuitable. Therefore, it is necessary to improve general illuminance levels by reform and repair artificial lighting systems or redesign them in carpet weaving workrooms.}, Keywords = {Natural Lighting, Artificial Lighting, Carpet Weaving Workshops}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {JamshidiRastani, Mahdi and Bahrami, Abdolrahman and MahmudiAlashti, Shiva and Rastbala, Nahid and Resalati, Shohre and Hasani, Somayeh}, title = {Efficiency Assessment of Local Exhaust Ventilation Hoods System for Control of Fe2O3 Dust in the process of Oxide Screen Unit at iron making in steel industry}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Local exhaust ventilation system (LEV) is one of the most common engineering controls methods for the chemical agents in workplaces. This study aimed to determine the efficiency assessment of the LEV system for control of Fe2O3 dust in the process of oxide screen unit at iron making in steel industry .   Methods : The LEV system with an extensive network of ducting including 17 hoods was investigated in a cross-sectional study. The First, variations and contradictions of the system and process were compared versus documentation (system plans), then hood Efficiency Assessment accomplished by using of the dust concentration measurement besides of the each hood (source), at two status ON and OFF of LEV system (Repeat three times), by NIOSH 500 method.   Results : Result of statistical test between the concentration of pollutants at two status ON/OFF of LEV system, in 7 of 17 hoods, didn’t show significantly different (P <0.05). Enclosed hood at the material falling from the tank to the feeder, with 85% efficiency and 3.3±1.5mg/m3 concentration at ON status was the highest efficiency. Two hoods, one enclosed hood at material falling from the Feeder into the screen and other unenclosed at material falling from conveyor to conveyor (small size at below screen), both with 2% efficiency and the 243.2±73.5 and 3462.4±1339 mg/m3 concentration demonstrated the lowest efficiency at ON status. Also the highest concentration of contaminants was at the unenclosed hood installed in the place of pellets falling from the conveyor into the tank with 5.03g/m3 and efficiency of 7%.   Conclusion : The few hoods of the investigated LEV did not have appropriate performance and had different efficiency. Even, some hoods (branches) show negative efficiency due to return of contaminant from the hood to workplace area.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {9-18}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Khosravirad, Fatemeh and Zarei, Esmaeil and Mohammadfam, Iraj and Shoja, Esmaeil}, title = {Analysis of Root Causes of Major Process Accident in Town Border Stations (TBS) using Functional Hazard Analysis (FuHA) and Bow tie Methods}, abstract ={  Background and objective: To control and prevention of accidents, attention to root causes of accident occurrence is very important. Safety risk of process units located in metropolis, must be always under control and in accordance with risk acceptance criteria of the community. In this regard, the purpose of this study is identification of functional failures, root cause analysis and incident outcomes arising from gas release in the Town Border Stations (TBS).   Materials and method: Using at the same time of both methods the Functional Hazard Analysis (FuHA) and Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA), identification of the failure locations and qualitative risk analysis were carried out. For identification and analysis of the causes accident, Bow tie analysis method was also used.   Results: Occurrence probability of identified top events was 0.71 and its failure rate was 1.24 per year. Unsafe behavioral (FP=0.36, &lambda=0.446) and mechanical causes (FP= 0.133, &lambda= 0.142) had highest and lowest the contribution in the top event occurrence. Vapor cloud explosion (VCE) had the highest probability (0.261) and failure rate (0.243) among the all identified incidents outcomes.   Conclusion: Prevention of the root causes and attention to the human factors have the considerable contribution in accident control in the process units. In the combined approach used in present study, if are considered to be, the barriers role against of the root causes and incident outcomes occurrence, it could be an appropriate approach for identification of root causes and control of the hazards process. }, Keywords = {Root cause analysis, Town gas pressure reduction stations (TBS), Risk management, Bow tie analysis.}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-28}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Kalantari, Reza and Mazloumi, Adel and Garussi, Ehsan and AhmadiZirabi, Mojtab}, title = {Risk assessment of the Manual Handling of Patients in remedial wards of Qazvin hospitals and its relationship with incidence of musculoskeletal disorders}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Approximately one third of all reported work-related incidents are triggered by manual handling. The proportion of incidents associated with manual handling in health and social care is 38%. Lifting and transferring patients is the task that is most often cited as a cause of manual handling incidents and of back injury in the healthcare sector. The aim of this study is to determine the MAPO index for remedial hospital wards of Qazvin and considering its relationship with incidence and intensity of musculoskeletal disorders among servers whose main task is manual handling of patients .   Methods : In this cross sectional study, 54 cases of servers from 23 wards of 4 Hospitals was considered. The data was collected using the demographic characteristic questionnaire, the Verbal pain intensity scale, the Nordic questionnaire and the MAPO checklist. Statistical Analysis of collected data was performed with SPSS 22.   Results : One year prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was 75.9% and this amount during performing this study was reported 53.7%. Regarding to different levels of MAPO score, just 5.5% of surveyed personnel were in safe zone. 18.5% of them exposed to moderate risk of musculoskeletal disorders and 76 % were at high risk. Also prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders incidents and pain intensity had significantly associated with the MAPO index score.   Conclusion : Regarding to association between MAPO index score and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, to reducing incidences risk, improvement of MAPO index parameters to reducing its amount will be effective.}, Keywords = {Hospital, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Manual Handling of Patients}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {29-36}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Farhadian, Maryam and Aliabadi, Mohsen and Shahidi, Rez}, title = {Risk assessment of influence factors on occupational hearing loss in noise – exposed workers in typical metal industry}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Worker exposure conditions such as noise level, exposure duration, use of hearing protection devices and health behaviors are commonly related to noise induced hearing loss. The objective of this study was risk assessment of influence factors on occupational hearing loss in noise exposed workers in typical noisy process .   Methods : Information about occupational exposure of seventy workers employed in a noisy press workshop was gathered using the standard questionnaire. Audiometery test was performed using the screening audiometer (Model-Mevox). Afterward, the collected data was analyzed by using the Cox model in SPSS software.   Results : Based on results of the developed model, the job type and using status of HPD were most important features to induce hearing loss among workers. The risk of hearing loss among workers with the intermittent use of hearing protection was 3.1 times more than workers used their devices continuously. Relative risk of hearing loss among smoker workers compared with non-smoker was 1.1.   Conclusion : The developed model could determine the effects of workers’ exposure conditions on risk of occupational hearing loss. This systematic approach can be considered as a helpful tool for determination the effectiveness of hearing conservation program and provide useful information for the managers and professionals in order to revise the existing health programs.}, Keywords = {Cox model, Noise induced hearing loss, Hearing conservation program}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Bolghanabadi, Somayeh and Pour, Mehdi and Dehghan, Habiballah}, title = {The Relation between Shift Work, Fatigue and Sleepiness and Accidents among Workers in Sugar Factory}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Shift work has been recognized as an important tool for organizing of work in developing countries. The disturbed sleep, fatigue and accident is the most common health ‐ related effects of shift work. The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of fatigue and sleepiness between shift and non-shift workers and its relation to occupational accidents.   Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out in Sugar Factory located in Isfahan city. Using simple randomized sampling technique, 120 workers with an average age of 32 years for night work and 33 years for day work were selected. ISI and Epworhth questionnaires and Fatigue Scale were used to determine the prevalence of symptoms of Sleepiness and fatigue. The data was analyzed using SPSS20 software and applying descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and t-test.   Results : Results showed that the fatigue score among shift workers was 4.41. In all symptoms associated with fatigue average scores of night shift were higher than day shift and there was a significant difference between them. There was a significant relation between the symptoms of fatigue with insomnia severity index and accidents.   Conclusion : The rate of fatigue and the number of the work accidents was more in the shift workers compared with non shift workers. The rate of accidents was more common in people who had more severe drowsiness.}, Keywords = {Shift work, Fatigue, Sleepiness, Accidents}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Motamedzade, Majid and Eshaghi, Mahbobeh and Sepehr, Parvi}, title = {Evaluation of the workers exposure to heat and presenting intervention to control heat stress in profile factory}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Exposure to heat is a significant problem in the Industries. The present study aimed at the evaluation of thermal risk, measurement of heat stress index, and proposing a plan for heat control in cutting and welding units in profile factory .   Methods : The data of study was analyzed through the measurement of physical parameters with digital WBGT device and silvered Kata thermometer. Workers’ thermal comfort was calculated based on predicted mean voted (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) with regard to the computed parameters. In order to control heat stress, an aluminum-insulated wall was used and airflow velocity was increased in cutting and welding units.   Results : The results of the WBGT index before and after the intervention using the shield were 30.8° C and 23.2° C, and by increasing airflow velocity were 30° C and 29.5° C respectively. In addition, the obtained results for PMV and PPD by using the shield were 1.38 and %44, and by increasing airflow velocity they were %90 and 2.56 respectively. The results confirmed by using the shield the measured WBGT index was lower than the occupational exposure limit (28 ◦ c).   Conclusion : The results showed that by appropriate designing and using control methods, such as insulation shield and increased airflow velocity, optimal thermal comfort based on national heat exposure limits could be reached .}, Keywords = {Heat Stress, Heat Exposure , Wet Bulb Glob Temperature}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {53-59}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Esmaeilzadeh, Arezoo and Golbabaei, Farideh and Zare, Soodabeh}, title = {Qualitative assessment of local ventilation in Petrochemical Company Laboratories for Reducing Staffs Exposure}, abstract ={  Background & Objectives : Chemicals are serious harmful agents in the workplace, especially chemistry labs. This material may cause poisoning and different diseases. Laboratory hoods as first safety device protect laboratory workers against hazardous chemicals. This research conducted on chemistry labs in a petrochemical company for awareness of the hoods performance and proposed the needed reforms .   Methods: In this study, in the studied laboratories, in order to evaluate performance of lab hoods, a capture velocity for 22 chemical hoods was conducted. Information concerning the structural characteristics of the baffle position , airfoil and opening area of hood s and situational characteristics their position relative to the air stream sources include general ventilation system vents , doors and windows of the laboratory were gathered .   Results: The mean velocity of hoods compared to the minimum acceptable value of 80 fpm showed that the only 9.09 % of their hoods can provide an acceptable velocity . There was a significant relationship between the numerical value of the velocity and position features hoods structure (Pvalue<0/05).   Conclusion: The results should that the structure of hood s and their locations in the studied laboratory concerning air flow sources must be corrected so that the velocity and performance of hoods being must provided and maintained .}, Keywords = {Local Ventilation, Labrotory ,Qualitative Assessment}, volume = {1}, Number = {3}, pages = {60-66}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Mohammad Javad and Hajgholami, Mohammad Reza and Jafari, Mina and Amiri, Zohre and Omidi, Leila and Salehpour, Soussan and Tabarsi, Payam}, title = {Assessment of the effectiveness of ventilation types for reducing the occupational exposure to bioaerosols in health care staffs}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : Hospital indoor air contains a wide range of airborne pathogenic bioaerosols which have a significant impact on health care staff’ health and welfare. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ventilation system types on occupational exposure of the health care staffs to airborne bioaerosols in the isolation room based on the patient bed arrangements and the standing locations of the health care staff.  Methods: Personal exposures were measured based on five given types of ventilation system, 2 patient bed arrangements (at a corner and in the middle of the room), and two different standing locations for the health care staff (standing close to the patient’s bed, and down a side section of the bed). For personal sampling, filtration method recommended by th e American conference of governmental industrial hygienists(ACGIH) was used.  Result: The highest exposure to airborne bioaerosols was observed when the ventilation system was switched off. There were significant decreases in the bioaerosols concentration after using all types of ventilation system (P value <0.001). The ventilation capacities of 12 air changes per hour showed the best results. No significant differences were found between the bioaerosols concentrations based on the patient bed arrangements as well as the standing locations of the health care staff s (P value > 0.05).   Conclusions : The most effective ventilation system for decreasing health care staff’ exposures in the isolation room was associated with supplying of air from a circular grill located on the northern wall and exhausting it through a linear slot located on the southern wall (type 1) with the ventilation rate of 12 air changes per hour.}, Keywords = {Ventilation system, Occupational exposure, Bioaerosols, Care staffs}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-91-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-91-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Zamanian, Zahra and Zakian, Solmaz and Jamali, Maryam and Kouhnavard, Bahram}, title = {The Relationship Between Personality Traits, Stress and Job Satisfaction of Employees of Iran Telecom Companies}, abstract ={Background & Objectives: Job satisfaction is affected by several factors including personality characteristics and job stress. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits, job satisfaction, and stress-related. Materials and Methods: This analytical study was performed among the telecommunications industry workers. 254 persons were randomly selected as the population of the study . Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and job satisfaction and stress questionnaires were applied to gather the required data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: There was an inverse relationship between job satisfaction and job stress. The results of job stress questionnaires showed that 176, 37, and 8 employees were under high, moderate, and low stress, respectively. Overall job satisfaction scores were 14.25 + 10.95. The relationship between job stress and scale E showed a significant positive correlation between two variables so that as the level of introspection increases, people will feel more jop stress. The two scale N and L have meaningful relationship with job satisfaction so that the more stable the character, the higher the job satisfaction . Conclusion: It can be concluded that in order for promoting the job satisfaction and reducing the job stress, self-confidence enhancing skills should be trained to the employees.}, Keywords = {Personality traits, stress, job satisfaction, Employees }, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {11-18}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-72-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-72-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Jalali, Mahdi and Zare, Mohammad Javad and Brahmi, Abdulrahman and Barijani, Nima and Mahjub, Hosei}, title = {Analysis of Endogenous Alkanes and Aldehydes in the Exhaled Breath of Workers Exposed to Silica Containing Dust}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives : Silica is one of the most air pollutant in workplaces which long-term occupational exposure to silica is associated with an increased risk for respiratory diseases such as silicosis. Silicosis is an oxidative stress related disease and can lead to the development of lung cancer. This study aims to analysis of endogenous alkanes and aldehydes in the exhaled breath of workers exposed to silica containing dusts.  Methods: In this study, the exhaled breath of 20 workers exposed to silica containing dust (case group), 20 healthy non-smokers and 25 healthy smokers (control group) were analyzed. The breath samples using 3-liter Tedlar bags were collected. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were extracted with solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- MS).  Result: Totally, thirty nine VOCs were found in all breath samples (at least once). Aldehydes and alkanes such as acetaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, decane, pentadecane, 2-methle propane, 3-methyle pentane and octane were detected in the exhaled breath subjects. Among the these compounds, mean peak area of acetaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, decane and pentadecane were higher in the exhaled breath of an case group than control groups (Pvalue<0.05) .  Conclusions : The use of exhaled breath analysis as well as new media in the occupational toxicology and exposure biomarker assessment studies. It seems that acetaldehyde, hexanal, nonanal, decane and pentadecane can be considered as useful breath biomarkers for exposure assessment of silica containing dust. However, additional studies are needed to confirm thes results.}, Keywords = {Exhaled Breath Analysis, Endogenous Alkanes, Endogenous Aldehydes, Silica Dust, Oxidative Stress }, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {19-29}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-68-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-68-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {karami, Gholamhossein and Bijani, Masoud and Salamat, Em}, title = {Agricultural experts\' safety knowledge toward work with agricultural machinery in south west of Iran}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives: Agricultural mechanization development in parallel of growing this sector treat farmers' health and safety and other persons in farms. Safety training has a vital role in reducting agricultural machinery operators and farmers' occupational injuries. The purpose of this research was study of agricultural expert's knowledge toward safe work with agricultural machinery .  Methods: The statistical population of this study was Jihad-Agriculture organization experts in Khuzestan and Ilam provinces (N=493) that 230 of them were selected as the research sample through proportional stratified random method. Data collecting instrument was a questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by a group of extension experts and professors. The Coronbach Alpha coefficient was used in order to determine the questionnaires' reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS19 software and comparative test .  Results: experts' safety knowledge was at a suitable level (Mean=3. 73 from 5 and SD=1. 41) and 72.22 percent of them were assessed medium. Also the means comparison test showed that there is a significant difference among respondents' safety knowledge depending upon education level and whether they have experienced an incident in the field or not. But there was no significant relationship between their safety knowledge and participate in safety training course and whether they observe of work incidents or not .  Conclusion: According to the importance of training in the promotion of farmers' safety and inattention of agricultural and health system managers toward safety on farms, it is necessary for implementation of safety training courses for preparing professionals widely and quality and empowered them to participate in safe agricultural extension program.}, Keywords = {Professionals' knowledge, Occupational safety, Agricultural machinery}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {30-39}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Kalatpour, Omid and Bakhshinia, Shiri}, title = {Developing Emergency Scenario through the Project Management Body of Knowledge Approach}, abstract ={Background & Objectives : The sound planning is needed for effective implementation of an emergency exercise. The exercise planning is manifested in the scenario development process. Despite the frequent execution of exercises in the industries and the public domain, there is no uniform pattern for designing scenarios. The present paper aims at devising a new pattern based on the project management body of knowledge ( PMBOK) approach.  Methods: Ten principles of the PMBOK and their substructures were analyzed. The application processes were extracted in two parts the structural and executive parts. Then, these processes were translated into the its equivalent norms in the emerging scenario development process. Finally, a pattern was proposed for preparing an emergency scenario.  Result: The proposed method was developed in a ten step process. Step by step implementation of these processes can help one to make an acceptable scenario. In comparison with the two most common international patterns for developing a scenario, the present method has some unique characteristics. Quality, Time, Cost and Interested Parties management are the mentioned properties. In general, the present method has some components that represent more details for users..  Conclusions : Using the project management body of knowledge approach one can develop a standard frame for developing an emergency scenario.}, Keywords = {Emergency, Scenario development, PMBOK, Exercise}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {40-48}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-62-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-62-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Barkhordari, Abolfazl and Dehghani, Ali and Kianfar, Ali and Mahmoudi, Shahram and Aminifard, Fatemeh}, title = {Safety performance evaluation using proactive indicators in a selected industry}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives: Quality and effectiveness of safety systems are critical factors in achieving their goals. This study was aimed to represent a method for performance evaluation of safety systems by proactive indicators using different updated models in the field of safety which will be tested in a selected industry.  Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. Proactive indicators used in this study were: Unsafe acts rate, Safety Climate, Accident Proneness, and Near-miss incident rate. The number of in 1473 safety climate questionnaires and 543 Accident Proneness questionnaires was completed.  Results: The minimum and maximum safety climate score were 56.88 and 58.2, respectively, and the minimum and maximum scores of Accident Proneness were 98.2 and 140.7, respectively. The maximum number of Near-miss incident rate were 408 and the minimum of that was 196. The maximum number of unsafe acts rate was 43.8 percent and the minimum of that was 27.2 percent. In nine dimensions of Safety climate the eighth dimension (personal perception of risk) with the score of 4.07 has the lowest score and the fourth (laws and safety regulations) dimension with 8.05 has the highest score. According to expert opinions, the most important indicator in the assessment of safety performance was unsafe acts rate, while near-miss incident rate was the least important one.  Conclusion: The results of this survey reveal that using proactive (Prospective) indicators could be an appropriate method in organizations safety performance evaluation.}, Keywords = {Safety, Proactive Indicators, Performance Evaluation}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {49-59}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-59-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-59-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Nezami, Trifah and Golmohammadi, Rostam and Aliabadi, Mohsen and Soltanian, Alirez}, title = {Investigation acoustic comfort indexes in staff of open plan offices in state banks in Hamadan city}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives: Noise is one of the most detrimental factors in working environments that alongside other physical problems have adverse effects on the mental health of employees. Open plan offices such as banks are under the influence of noise pollution sources, which can have a negative impact on health and comfort of employees. This study aimed to identify the sources of noise pollution in the banks and the level of noise annoyance among their employees .  Methods: A-weighted Sound Pressure Level measured in the banks by a sound level meter. Perefferd noise curve (PNC) and speech interference index (SIL) were calculated, prevalence of noise annoyance, effects and clarity of speech were determined using a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.88 completed by 175 employees of Hamadan banks .  Results: Sound Pressure Level equivalent of the banks were 64.11 dB. The average value of SIL index was calculated 54.93 dB and PNC index were calculated 58.17 dB and 48.2 dB for banks working and not-working times, respectively. According to bank staff opinions, the main source of noise pollution was commotion of clienteles that reduce concentration and increase overall effort to understand speech of colleagues.  Conclusion: Noise emission in the studied banks had a low frequency band. PNC, and SIL indexes are perfect indexes for describing the acoustics condition and control plan for open office environments .}, Keywords = {Open plan offices, Bank, Acoustic Comfort, Noise Annoyance}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {60-67}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-54-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-54-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Azizi, Mahtab and Baroonyzadeh, Zeinab and Motamedzade, Majid and Goli, Shahrbano}, title = {Study of Nurses Quality of Life using WHO Questionnaire in Hospitals of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={ Background & Objectives : Along with the advances in many different levels of life, interest in measuring quality of life has increased. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in hospitals of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 300 nurses in hospitals of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2013. To determine the quality of life, the WHO questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 16.  Result: The mean cores on physical and mental health dimensions in men were more than women (Pvalue <0.05). The lowest and the highest rate of quality of life were among dialysis and coronary care unit staffs, respectively. The average scores on the physical dimension was higher in singles than married, however, means cores of the social and psychological dimensions were higher in married.  Conclusions : The highest rate of quality of life was related to physical, psychological, social, and environmental dimensions. So, it is recommended that managers take the necessary actions in order to improve the quality of life and health of the people of the community .}, Keywords = {Quality of life, Nurses, questionnaire, Hospital}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {68-75}, publisher = {Hamedan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.html}, eprint = {http://johe.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering}, issn = {2383-3378}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} }